Imbere yimbere yimodoka zose zitwara ibinyabiziga UAZ hariho inteko za pivot zifatanije na CV, bigatuma bishoboka kohereza torque kumuziga nubwo byahinduwe.Kingpins igira uruhare runini muriki gice - soma ibyerekeye ibice byose, intego yabyo, ubwoko, igishushanyo nigikorwa muriki kiganiro.
Niki kingpin ya UAZ, intego n'imikorere yayo
Kingpin ni inkoni igizwe na hinge ihuriweho na ruline (ikusanyirijwe hamwe na hub) hamwe nu mupira wumupira wa knople (SHOPK, imbere yinkunga hari hinge yumuvuduko uhwanye, CV ihuriweho) imbere umutambiko wimodoka zose zitwara ibinyabiziga UAZ.Kingpins nibice bigize uburyo bwa pivot butanga ubushobozi bwo guhindagura ibiziga byayoboye bitavunitse umuvuduko.
UAZ kingpins ifite imirimo ikurikira:
• Kora nk'amashoka azengurutsa imitwe ishobora kuzunguruka;
• Kora nkibice bihuza umupira uhuza umupira hamwe nuyobora mu gice kimwe;
• Kora nk'ibikoresho bitwara imitwaro bitanga ubukana bukenewe bw'inteko ya pivot, kandi ukanamenya ibihe byingufu zivuka mugihe cyimodoka yimodoka iva mumatongo (kandi nawe, kuva kumuziga) hanyuma akabigeza kuri umutambiko.
UAZ kingpins, nubwo yashushanyije byoroshye, igira uruhare runini mumikorere yumurongo wimbere wa SUV, bityo imodoka yose.
Ubwoko bwa UAZ kingpins
Muri rusange, kingpin ninkoni ngufi yuburyo bumwe cyangwa ubundi, ikandamizwa mumubiri wa knuckle hamwe nigice cyo hejuru, kandi impera yo hepfo ifite aho ihurira numubiri wumupira.Kugirango uhuze ipikipiki na SHOPK, hakoreshwa kingpine ebyiri - hejuru no hepfo, kingpine enye zashyizwe kumuraro wose.
Mu myaka yashize, ubwoko butatu bwingenzi bwa kingpins bwashyizwe kumurongo wimbere yimodoka za UAZ:
• Kingpins ya silindrike ya T (hamwe no kuzunguruka mu ntoki z'umuringa);
• Gukomatanya kingpins n'umupira (hamwe no kuzunguruka kumupira);
• Guteranya ibyuma bifata ibyuma (hamwe no kuzunguruka ku cyuma gifatanye);
• Cylindrical-conical kingpins hamwe nu nkunga ifatika (hamwe no kuzunguruka mu muringa wa bronze).
T-shitingi ya silindrike ni igisubizo cyakera cyashyizwe kumurongo wambere wimodoka za UAZ zifite imitambiko yo gutwara ubwoko bwa "Timken" (hamwe na crankcase itandukanya).Gukomatanya kingpins hamwe numupira hamwe nigitereko nigisubizo kigezweho, ibi bice bishyirwa kumurongo wimodoka yubwoko bwa "Timken" aho kuba kingpine zisanzwe, zifite ibipimo bimwe.Kingpins ifite inkunga ifatika yatangiye gushyirwaho muburyo bushya bwimodoka za UAZ zifite imitambiko yo mu bwoko bwa "Spicer" - UAZ-31519, 315195 ("Umuhigi"), 3160, 3163 ("Patriot") no kuyihindura.
Kingpins yubwoko butandukanye ifite igishushanyo mbonera gitandukanye.
Igishushanyo nihame ryimikorere ya T-silindrike ya kingpins
Kingpin nkiyi ni igice muburyo bwa silindiri ebyiri zumurambararo utandukanye, zakozwe mubukorikori bumwe.Ku iherezo ryigice cyo hejuru (kigari), hagati yacyo, umuyoboro uhuza urudodo wo gushiraho amavuta.Hafi aho, hamwe no kuvanga hagati, umuyoboro muto wa diametre ufite inkuta zoroshye ziracukurwa kugirango ushyireho pin.Kuruhande rwuruhande rwibice byo hepfo (bigufi), ikiruhuko cyumwaka gitangwa mugukwirakwiza amavuta.Na none, unyuze kumuyoboro muremure urashobora gukorwa muri pivot kugirango usige inteko yose.
Kingpin ikanda mumubiri wa knuckle hamwe nigice kinini hanyuma igashyirwaho umurongo wicyuma (ifashwe na bolts enye), kandi guhindurwa bikumirwa na pin.Igice cyacyo kigufi, kingpin yashyizwe mumaboko yumuringa ukanda mumupira uhuriweho.Ikiboko kirahindurwa kuburyo kingpin ishobora kuzunguruka muri yo nta guhina.Ibipapuro byuma bishyirwa hagati yubugari bwa kingpin numubiri wumupira uhuriweho, hifashishijwe uburyo bwo guhuza pivot yose ikorwa.Kugirango borohereze kuzenguruka no kugabanya ubukana bwo kwambara ibice, kingpins zashyizwe kumurongo muto.
Inzira ikorana naba kingpins gusa: mugihe ikora manuveri, ipfundo ryimikorere riva mumwanya wo hagati hakoreshejwe bipod, abami bazunguruka nibice byabo bigufi mubihuru bikanda mumupira uhuriweho.Iyo uhindukiye, amavuta ava kumuyoboro wa kingpin yinjira mubiruhuko mugice cyayo cyo hepfo, aho bigabanywa mumwanya uri hagati ya kingpin nintoki - ibi bigabanya imbaraga zo guterana amagambo kandi bigabanya ubukana bwo kwambara ibice.
Igishushanyo nigikorwa cya kingpins kumupira
Umwami nk'uyu ugizwe n'ibice bitatu: igice cyo hejuru, kanda mu mubiri wa knuckle ya ruline, yo hepfo, kanda mu mubiri wa SHOP, n'umupira w'icyuma ushyizwe hagati yabo.Umupira ushyirwa mubyobo byisi, bikozwe mubice byanyuma bya kingpin.Kugirango usige amavuta, imiyoboro ya axial ikorwa mugice cya kingpin, kandi umuyoboro uhuza amavuta ukwiye utangwa mugice cyo hejuru cya kingpin.
Kwishyiriraho kingpins kumipira bitandukanye no gushiraho kingpin isanzwe gusa kuberako igice cyo hepfo gishyizwe muburyo bukomeye mumubiri wumupira wumupira, kubwibyo nta ntoki z'umuringa.
Uburyo bwa pivot bukorana nibice byubu bwoko gusa: iyo uruziga ruyobowe, igice cyo hejuru cya kingpin kizunguruka kumupira, kandi umupira ubwawo uzunguruka ugereranije nigice cya kingpin.Ibi bituma imbaraga zo guterana zigabanuka no kugabanuka kwimbaraga zo kwambara ibice ugereranije na kingpin isanzwe.
Igishushanyo n'ihame ry'imikorere ya kingpins ku cyerekezo
Mu buryo bwubaka, kingpin hamwe nigitereko nicyo kigoye cyane, kigizwe nibice bitatu: igice cyo hepfo, hejuru yacyo hejuru (byongeyeho, impeta yo guterura ishyizwe munsi yigitereko irashobora gukoreshwa), hamwe nakazu kegeranye; mu nzu yububiko.Mu gice cyo hepfo hari umuyoboro wa axial wo gutanga amavuta, mu kato ko gutwaramo hari umuyoboro wuruhande rwa pin hamwe numuyoboro wo hagati wo gushyiramo amavuta.
Mubyukuri, ubu bwoko bwa kingpin ni ukuzamura kingpin kumupira, ariko hano ibice byombi bizunguruka ku cyuma, gishobora kugabanya cyane imbaraga zo guterana kandi muri rusange byongera ubwizerwe bwigice.Gukoresha ibyuma bifata ibyuma bitanga imbaraga zo kurwanya imitwaro ya axial ibaho mugihe ikinyabiziga gikora.
Igishushanyo nihame ryimikorere ya kingpins hamwe ninkunga ifatika UAZ "Umuhigi" na "Patriot"
Izi ngoma zihuza ibyiza bya kingpins zisanzwe hamwe na kingpins kumupira, kuva uwambere bafashe ubworoherane bwo gushushanya, kuva kumunsi wa kabiri - kunoza imikorere no kugabanya imbaraga zo guterana amagambo.Mu buryo bwubaka, kingpin ni inkoni ya silindrike-conical ifite umutwe wisi, ikozwe mu gitabo kimwe.Ku gice kigufi cya kingpin, hatangwa urudodo rwimbuto, umuyoboro wo gusiga uracukurwa ku murongo wigice, kandi ibishishwa bikozwe kumutwe kugirango bikwirakwize amavuta hejuru yubutaka.
Kingpin yashyizwe mu buryo bukomeye mu mubiri wa knuckle, intoki ifata ikoreshwa mugukosora, aho kingpin yinjira hamwe nigice cyayo, kandi kuva hejuru ikoresheje umurongo wibyuma, kingpin hamwe nintoki ikomezwa nimbuto.Igice cya serefegitire ya kingpin gishingiye kumurongo wumuringa (uyumunsi hariho impinduka hamwe nimyenda ya pulasitike, ariko ntabwo yizewe), nayo, ishyirwa mubwami bwa kingpin kumubiri wa SHOPK.Guhindura imyanya igereranije yibice byigice bikorwa hakoreshejwe gasketi yashyizwe munsi yumurongo wa kingpin.
Kingpin y'ubu bwoko ikora kuburyo bukurikira: iyo ibiziga byahinduwe, kingpins, ihujwe cyane numubiri wikiganza, izunguruka mumirongo hamwe numutwe wabo.Byongeye kandi, abami nk'abo bumva neza gutandukana kw'igipfunsi mu ndege ihagaritse, ibyo bigatuma ubuzima bwabo bumara igihe kirekire kandi bwizewe mu bihe byose.
Kingpins yubwoko bwose irashira mugihe, mugihe runaka iyi myambaro irashobora kwishyurwa mugukomeza ibice cyangwa kongera umubare wa gasketi, ariko uyu mutungo urarangiye vuba kandi kingpins igomba guhinduka.Hamwe nogusimbuza neza kandi mugihe gikwiye, imodoka igarura umutekano mumuhanda kandi irashobora gukoreshwa neza nubwo haba mubihe bigoye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-24-2023