Imodoka nyinshi zigezweho zikoresha moteri ikoresha ingufu, zishingiye kuri pompe itwarwa n'umukandara.Soma ibijyanye n'umukandara w'ingufu icyo aricyo, ubwoko bw'imikandara ihari nuburyo butunganijwe, kimwe no guhitamo no gusimbuza ibi bice mu ngingo.
Umukandara wo kuyobora ni iki?
Umukandara w'ingufu (umukandara w'ingufu, umukandara wo kuyobora) - ikintu cya sisitemu yo kuyobora ibinyabiziga bifite ibiziga;umukandara utagira iherezo (ufunze) ukoresheje pompe yamavuta ya pompe yirukanwa muri moteri crankshaft pulley cyangwa ikindi gice cyashizwe.
Imodoka nyinshi zigezweho zifite ibyuma bifata amashanyarazi (power power), ikora urumuri rwiyongera kumuziga kugirango byorohereze gutwara.Imbaraga zisabwa kumashanyarazi ikora biterwa numuvuduko wamazi akora ava muri pompe idasanzwe.Nkuko bisanzwe, pompe yamashanyarazi, hamwe nibindi bice, ishyirwa muburyo butaziguye kumashanyarazi, kandi disiki yayo yubatswe hakurikijwe gahunda gakondo - hifashishijwe umuyoboro wa V-umukandara uva muri crankshaft pulley cyangwa ikindi gice cyashyizwe hejuru.
Ishimikiro rya V-umukandara ni umukandara wimbaraga, ukemura umurimo umwe wingenzi - kugirango habeho ihererekanyabubasha ryumuriro uva kuri crankshaft pulley cyangwa ikindi gice kugeza kuri pompe yamashanyarazi mumashanyarazi yose yihuta (harimo nuburyo bwigihe gito) no mubikorwa byose.Uyu mukandara, bitewe n'ubwoko bwa moteri ikora, igira uruhare runini cyangwa ruto mu kwemeza imikorere ya moteri n'imikorere y'imodoka, ariko uko byagenda kose, iyo yambarwa cyangwa yangiritse, igomba guhindurwa igashya. nta gutinda bitari ngombwa.Kandi mbere yo kugura umukandara mushya wo kuyobora, ugomba gusobanukirwa ubwoko buriho bwibi bice, imiterere yabyo.
Ubwoko, igikoresho nibiranga imikandara yo kuyobora
Disiki ya pompe yamashanyarazi irashobora kubakwa ukurikije gahunda zitandukanye:
● Hifashishijwe umukandara rusange wo gutwara ibice byashizwe kuri moteri;
● Hifashishijwe umukandara kugiti cye kuva moteri ya crankshaft pulley;
● Hifashishijwe umukandara kugiti cye uhereye kuri pulley yikindi gice cyashizwe - pompe yamazi cyangwa generator.
Mugihe cyambere, pompe yamashanyarazi ishyirwa mumashanyarazi imwe yimitwe yashizwemo n'umukandara umwe, muburyo bworoshye, umukandara utwikiriye generator na pompe yamazi, kuri bisi namakamyo, pompe yamashanyarazi irashobora kugira a ibinyabiziga bisanzwe hamwe na compressor yo mu kirere;Muri gahunda zigoye cyane, compressor ikonjesha hamwe nibindi bice biri muri disiki.Mugihe cya kabiri, umukandara mugufi ukoreshwa, wohereza torque iturutse kuri crankshaft pulley kuri power steering pump pulley.Mugihe cya gatatu, itara ryabanje gutangwa kuri pompe yamazi cyangwa generator hamwe na pulley ebyiri, kandi kuva muri ibyo bice binyuze mumukandara utandukanye kugeza pompe yingufu.
Imashanyarazi ya pompe yamashanyarazi hamwe n'umukandara usanzwe
Twara pompe yamashanyarazi hamwe numukandara wacyo hamwe na tensioner
Kugirango utware pompe yamashanyarazi, imikandara yuburyo butandukanye nubunini ikoreshwa:
Imyenda ya V-umukandara;
● Amenyo V-umukandara;
● Imikandara ya V-imbavu (imirongo myinshi).
Umukandara wa V-umukandara nigicuruzwa cyoroshye cyane gikoreshwa cyane mumodoka no muri bisi.Umukandara nkuyu ufite trapezoidal yambukiranya igice, impande zayo zifunganye zirasa, ubugari - radiyo (convex), ituma habaho gukwirakwiza imbaraga imbere mu mukandara iyo yunamye.
Amenyo ya V-umukandara ni V-umukandara umwe aho inzitizi zinyuranye (amenyo) zikorerwa kumurongo muto, byongera ubworoherane bwibicuruzwa nta gutakaza imbaraga.Imikandara nkiyi irashobora gukoreshwa kuri pulleys ya diameter ntoya kandi igakora mubisanzwe mubushyuhe bwinshi.
Umukandara wa V-urubavu ni umukandara uringaniye kandi mugari, hejuru yumurimo urimo kuva kuri bitatu kugeza kuri birindwi birebire V-grooves (imigezi).Umukandara nkuyu ufite ahantu hanini ho guhurira na pulleys, ituma itumanaho ryizewe kandi bikagabanya amahirwe yo kunyerera.
Imbaraga ziyobora V-umukandara
Imbaraga ziyobora V-umukandara wigihe
Umukandara wa V-rubavu
V-umukandara woroshye kandi winyo bikoreshwa mumashanyarazi kugiti cya pompe yingufu ziva mumashanyarazi no mumashini ya pompe ahujwe no gutwara compressor de air cyangwa ikindi gice.Ikinyabiziga gishingiye kuri V-umukandara gikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho byo murugo, ndetse no muri bisi n'imodoka z'ubucuruzi ziva muri Aziya.Imikandara ya V-imbavu ifite umubare munini winzuzi (6-7) zikoreshwa cyane muri drives rusange yibice byashizwe mubice byamashanyarazi, cyane cyane imikandara yiki gishushanyo, ariko hamwe numubare muto winzuzi (2-4 gusa) ).Imodoka ifite imikandara ya V-imbavu ikoreshwa cyane mumodoka zitwara abagenzi zakozwe mumahanga.
Imikandara yo kuyobora ifite igishushanyo cyoroshye.Intandaro y'umukandara ni urwego rufata mu buryo bwa cordcord ikozwe muri fibre synthique (polyamide, polyester cyangwa izindi), izengurutse umukandara ubwawo uba ukomoka muri reberi y’ibirunga yo mu byiciro bitandukanye.V-umukandara woroshye kandi ushyizwe mubusanzwe ufite uburinzi bwinyongera bwubuso bwinyuma muburyo bwikariso ikozwe mumyenda ipfunyitse muburyo bubiri cyangwa butatu.Kugirango umenye umukandara, ibimenyetso hamwe namakuru atandukanye yingoboka arashobora gukoreshwa muburyo bwagutse.
Rubber V-umukandara wa hydraulic yongerera ibikoresho ibikoresho byo murugo bigomba kuba byujuje ubuziranenge bwa GOST 5813-2015, birashobora gukorwa muburyo bubiri mubugari (bugufi kandi busanzwe bwambukiranya) kandi bifite ubunini busanzwe.Imikandara ya V-imbavu ikorwa hubahirijwe amahame mpuzamahanga atandukanye hamwe nabakora ibinyabiziga ubwabo.
Gukata umukandara wimbaraga
Ibibazo byo guhitamo no gusimbuza umukandara wimbaraga
Mugihe cyimikorere yingufu zamashanyarazi, imikandara yose irashaje kandi amaherezo igomba gusimburwa, ibi bireba rwose umukandara wimbaraga.Gusimbuza uyu mukandara bigomba gukorwa mugihe cyasabwe nuwakoze amamodoka, cyangwa (bibaho kenshi) mugihe byambarwa cyangwa byangiritse.Mubisanzwe, gukenera gusimbuza umukandara wamashanyarazi bigaragazwa no kwangirika kwingufu zamashanyarazi muburyo bwose bwimodoka.Nanone, umukandara ugomba gusimburwa niba habonetse uduce, kurambura birenze kandi, byanze bikunze, iyo bimenetse.
Gusimbuza, ugomba guhitamo umukandara wubwoko bumwe washyizwe kumodoka mbere.Ku binyabiziga bishya, ibi bigomba kuba umukandara wa numero runaka ya kataloge, kandi nyuma yigihe cyigihe cya garanti, urashobora gukoresha imikandara iyo ari yo yose ifite imiterere ikwiye - ubwoko (V-plaque, V-rubavu), ibice byambukiranya uburebure.Niba umukandara wa pompe ya pompe ifite roller ya tension, noneho birakenewe ko ugura iki gice ako kanya hamwe na feri.Ntabwo byemewe gusiga impagarara zishaje, kuko ibi bishobora gutuma umuntu yambara cyane cyangwa yangiza umukandara mushya.
Gusimbuza umukandara w'ingufu bigomba gukorwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza yo gusana no gufata neza imodoka.Kuri moteri ifite umushoferi kugiti cya pompe yamashanyarazi kandi nta tension, birahagije kurekura pompe, gukuramo umukandara ushaje, gushiraho urundi rushya no guhambira umukandara kubera gufunga neza pompe.Niba roller ya tension itanzwe muri disiki nkiyi, hanyuma mbere ya byose irasenywa, noneho umukandara ukurwaho, shyira shyashya mu mwanya wacyo, hanyuma hashyirwaho icyuma gishya.Muri moteri hamwe na disiki isanzwe yimigereka, umukandara usimburwa muburyo bumwe.
Rimwe na rimwe, umurimo wo gusimbuza umukandara urashobora kugorana no gukenera gukora ibikorwa byinyongera.Kurugero, kuri moteri nyinshi, ugomba kubanza kuvanaho umukandara wubundi buryo, hanyuma ugasimbuza umukandara wamashanyarazi.Ibi bigomba kwitabwaho hanyuma ugahita utegura igikoresho gikwiye.
Ikintu cyingenzi mugihe usimbuyeumukandarani ukureba ko ihagaritswe neza.Niba umukandara urenze urugero, ibice bizagira imitwaro myinshi, kandi umukandara ubwawo uzarambura kandi ushire mugihe gito.Hamwe n'intege nke, umukandara uzanyerera, bikazaviramo kwangirika mumikorere ya power.Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe gukurikiza witonze ibyifuzo byatanzwe mumabwiriza, kandi, niba sebukwe afite amahirwe nkaya, koresha igikoresho kidasanzwe kugirango amakimbirane asanzwe.
Hamwe noguhitamo neza no gusimbuza umukandara, kuyobora imbaraga bizatanga gutwara neza mumihanda yose.
Igihe cyoherejwe: Nyakanga-14-2023