Ibiziga by'ibinyabiziga hafi ya byose bifite ibiziga, ibimashini n'ibindi bikoresho bishyirwa kuri hub hifashishijwe udushumi duto hamwe nimbuto.Soma ibyerekeye ibiziga by'ibiziga icyo ari cyo, ubwoko bw'imbuto zikoreshwa muri iki gihe, uko zitunganijwe, kimwe no guhitamo, gusimbuza no gukora - soma muri iyi ngingo.
Imbuto y'ibiziga ni iki?
Ibiziga by'ibiziga (ibiziga by'uruziga) ni umugozi wihuta kugirango ushyire uruziga rukomeye kuri hub;Imyunyu ngugu idasanzwe nubushakashatsi, byashyizwe mubikorwa byizewe gukanda kumurongo kugeza hub.
Imbuto zikoreshwa ku binyabiziga bifite ibiziga byashyizwe kuri sitidiyo cyangwa ibyuma byashyizwe inyuma ya hub.Uruziga rumwe rufunzwe hamwe nimbuto zingana nibice bine kugeza ku icumi cyangwa birenga.Umutekano wimodoka uterwa ahanini nubwiza bwimbuto nukuri kwizerwa ryazo, kubwibyo, niba nimbuto imwe yamenetse cyangwa yatakaye, igomba guhinduka.Kandi kugirango uhitemo neza kandi usimbuze ibinyomoro, ugomba kumva imiterere yabyo nibiranga.
Ubwoko nigishushanyo cyimbuto zinziga
Ibiziga byose byiziga, tutitaye kubwoko, bifite igishushanyo kimwe muburyo bumwe.Muri rusange, iki nigice cyimpande esheshatu zinyuze mu mwobo wo hagati cyangwa umuyoboro uhumye uciwemo urudodo.Igice cyo hanze cyimbuto gifite chamfer, inyuma (yegeranye na disiki) iraringaniye, ihuriweho, ifatanye cyangwa ikindi, nkuko byasobanuwe hano hepfo.Byongeye kandi, imbuto zirashobora kuba zifite ibikoresho byo gukaraba cyangwa flanges zihamye.Muri iki gihe, ibinyomoro akenshi bikozwe no gukonjesha gukonje biva mu byuma bivanze, ibyuma bya electrolytike birwanya ruswa bishingiye kuri zinc, chromium, nikel, kadmium cyangwa umuringa bikoreshwa ku bicuruzwa.
Ibiziga bigezweho bya kijyambere biratandukanye mubishushanyo, ubwoko bwikigaragara hejuru nibisabwa.
Mugushushanya, imbuto zirimo ubwoko bubiri:
Gufungura-umugozi (bisanzwe);
● Hamwe numutwe ufunze (cap).
Ibicuruzwa byubwoko bwa mbere ni imbuto zisanzwe zifite umwobo uciwemo urudodo.Ibicuruzwa byubwoko bwa kabiri bikozwe muburyo bwa caps, imbere hakozwe umuyoboro uhumye.Ibiziga bya capine birinda urudodo ingaruka mbi zidukikije kandi bigatanga isura nziza kumuziga wose.
Iteraniro rya hub hamwe nuruziga rwibiziga
Muri iki kibazo, ibinyomoro birashobora kugira ubuso bwinyuma bwubwoko butandukanye:
Uts Imbuto zisanzwe - hexagon yo hanze;
Ut Ibinyomoro bitari bisanzwe - cap nuts kuri hexagon y'imbere, kubitereko bya TORX nibindi;
Uts Imbuto zidasanzwe ("amabanga").
Ukurikije igishushanyo mbonera cyubuso bwimbuto (ubuso ibicuruzwa biruhukira kumurongo mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho, bitanga clamping) bigabanijwe muburyo bune busanzwe:
● Ubwoko A - ubuso bushyigikiwe bukozwe muburyo bwa spherical flange ifite diameter nini kuruta ibinyomoro ubwabyo.Bagabanijwe mubwoko A hamwe numutwe wa M12 - M20 (kugabanya uburebure) hanyuma wandike A ufite umugozi wa M22 (uburebure bwiyongereye);
● Ubwoko B - ubuso bufasha bukozwe muburyo bwa flange iringaniye ya diameter nini kuruta ibinyomoro ubwabyo;
● Ubwoko C - ubuso bufasha bukozwe muburyo bwa cone yaciwe hamwe na diameter igabanuka hejuru;
● Ubwoko D - ubuso bwikorewe bukozwe muburyo bwo gufata imbohe hamwe nigitereko kiringaniye cya diameter nini kuruta ibinyomoro ubwabyo.
Imyunyu ngugu yo mu bwoko bwa "Burayi" igaragara mu cyiciro cyihariye - ubuso bwayo bukozwe mu buryo bwa flangine conique ya diameter yiyongereye.Ntibisanzwe muburusiya, ariko birakoreshwa cyane.
Ibiziga by'ibiziga bifite ubuso butambitse
Hariho kandi ibinyomoro bitandukanye bitari bisanzwe:
● Gufunga ibinyomoro - ibicuruzwa bifite ubuso bunini, byuzuye hamwe no gukaraba (kimwe cyangwa bibiri) birinda kwizana bidatinze;
Ut Ibinyomoro byongerewe uburebure - ibicuruzwa bifite igishushanyo gisa na feri isanzwe, ariko itandukanye muburebure bwiyongereye;
?
Utubuto twubundi buryo.
Ukurikije ibisabwa, ibinyomoro bigabanijwemo amatsinda menshi kuruhande rwo kwishyiriraho ibinyabiziga kandi birashoboka ko wabikoresha ukoresheje ubwoko bumwe cyangwa ubundi bwoko bwa rim.
Kuruhande rwo kwishyiriraho ibinyabiziga, utubuto ni:
● Kwisi yose;
● Ku ruhande rw'ibumoso (hamwe n'umutwe "iburyo");
● Ku ruhande rw'iburyo (hamwe n'umutwe "ibumoso").
Imbuto rusange zifite umugozi usanzwe ("iburyo"), zikoreshwa mugushiraho ibiziga byose byimodoka, ubucuruzi namakamyo menshi.Imbuto imwe ikoreshwa mugushiraho ibiziga kuruhande rwibumoso (mu cyerekezo cyurugendo) rwamakamyo, hamwe nutubuto dufite "ibumoso" bifata ibiziga kuruhande rwiburyo.Uku gukoresha ibinyomoro bibabuza guhita batabishaka iyo ikinyabiziga kigenda.
Hanyuma, ibinyomoro bikozwe kugirango bikoreshwe muburyo butandukanye bwa rims:
● Kuri disiki zashyizweho kashe;
● Kubakinnyi (ibiziga binini) hamwe niziga ryibihimbano.
Ibinyomoro ku binyabiziga bifite ibinini bifite ubunini bwagutse bwuburyo bwa conic cyangwa spherical, butanga imizigo myiza yo kugabura kuri disiki kandi ikabuza guhinduka.Mubyongeyeho, uyumunsi hariho ubwoko butandukanye bwimbuto zidasanzwe kubiziga byizunguruka hamwe ningaruka zitandukanye zo gushushanya, zikoreshwa cyane mubijyanye na auto-tuning.
Imbuto y'ibanga
Mu cyiciro gitandukanye, ibyo bita "amabanga" (cyangwa utubuto twa pisine idasanzwe) biragaragara - imbuto zishushanyije zidasanzwe zibuza (cyangwa byibuze kugabanya amahirwe) yo gutobora utabifitiye uruhushya no kwiba inziga ziva mu modoka .Nkuko bisanzwe, ibanga rimwe ryashyizwe kumuziga aho kuba imwe mu mbuto zisanzwe, bityo rero ibice bine cyangwa bitandatu (bitewe numubare w'imitambiko) y'ibicuruzwa nkibi birahagije kumodoka.
Amabanga yose afite ihame rimwe - aya ni imbuto zoroshye zishobora gukomera no kudacukurwa hifashishijwe gusa umugozi udasanzwe uzana nibikoresho.Mubisanzwe byoroshye, uburinzi butangwa nuburyo bugoye (butari impande esheshatu) bwubuso bwinyuma bwimbuto, amabanga yateye imbere afite ubuso bwihishe hejuru kandi arinda gukingirwa hamwe na pliers (cone yo hanze, hejuru ya swivel, nibindi) .
Ukurikije ibiranga, amabanga arasa nimbuto zisanzwe ziziga.
Imbuto y'ibanga yuzuye hamwe na wrench idasanzwe
Ibiranga inziga
Mubintu nyamukuru biranga ibiziga byinziga birashobora gutandukanywa:
● Ingano nicyerekezo cyurudodo;
Size Ingano ya Turnkey;
● Imbaraga.
Ubwoko bwa A, B na C buraboneka mubunini butandatu - M12 hamwe nududodo twiza (hamwe numwanya wa mm 1,25), M12, M14, M18, M20 na M22 hamwe numutwe wa mm 1.5.Ubwoko D nuts zagenewe amakamyo zifite urudodo rwa M18, M20 na M22 hamwe na mm 1.5.Kubera iyo mpamvu, ingano yimyenda yimbuto irashobora kuba 17, 19, 24, 27, 30 na 32.
Imbuto kugirango zemeze kwizerwa hamwe nibishoboka gukomera hamwe ningufu zikenewe nta guhindura ibintu bigomba kuba bifite icyiciro cyingufu za 8 cyangwa 10 (hamwe nutubuto hamwe nuwashigikiraga imbohe - byibuze 10).Ibi bigerwaho no gukoresha ibyiciro bimwe byibyuma kandi (rimwe na rimwe) gutunganya ibicuruzwa byarangiye.
Imbuto zose zinziga zikorerwa muburusiya mubijyanye nubushakashatsi nibiranga bigomba kubahiriza ibisabwa na GOST R 53819-2010 hamwe nibindi bipimo bifitanye isano.Abakora amamodoka menshi yo mumahanga bakoresha ibipimo byabo kubifata, bityo imbuto zabo zishobora gutandukana mubishushanyo mbonera byavuzwe haruguru.
Guhitamo neza no gusimbuza inziga
Igihe kirenze, ibiziga byimodoka birahinduka, bigahinduka igihe kirekire, cyangwa byatakaye niba byashizweho nabi - muribi bihe byose, birakenewe gushiraho ibyuma bishya.Kubisimbuza, birakenewe guhitamo imbuto zubwoko bumwe kandi hamwe nibiranga bimwe byashizweho mbere - ubu ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo gufatira ibyemezo byemewe.
Niba inanga zasimbuwe, noneho imbuto zigomba gutoranyirizwa kuri bo.Rero, hamwe na disiki zisanzwe zashyizweho kashe ya disiki, isanzwe ya conical, spherical cyangwa nuts zirakoreshwa.Hamwe na disiki yamakamyo (harimo ibiziga bya Euro), ibinyomoro hamwe no gukaraba byafashwe mpiri byakoreshejwe cyane.Kandi kubiziga bya alloy, ugomba guhitamo ibinyomoro bikwiye hamwe nubunini bwagutse cyangwa imbuto zidasanzwe.
By'umwihariko hagomba kwitonderwa guhitamo imbuto zamakamyo - hano bigomba guhora byibukwa ko kuruhande rwiburyo disiki zifatanije nimbuto zifite umugozi wibumoso.
Hagomba kwitonderwa guhitamo utubuto two guhuza imodoka.Muri iki gihe, isoko ritanga ibintu byinshi byiziritse ku nziga zivanze, ariko akenshi izo mbuto ntabwo zujuje ubuziranenge bwimbaraga nibindi biranga - ibi byuzuyemo kuvunika kwizirika nimpanuka.
Mugihe ushyiraho uruziga, birakenewe gukurikiza ibyifuzo byabashinzwe gukora imashini kugirango bakomeze imbuto - uzirikane uko bikurikirana n'imbaraga zo gukomera.Nkibisanzwe, ibinyomoro bifatanyirijwe hamwe nimbaraga nkizo zituma uruziga rwizerwa kandi ntiruhindura disiki.Hamwe no gukomera gukomeye, guhita utobora utubuto birashoboka, kandi kwambara cyane kwa sitidiyo nu mwobo wuruziga nabyo bibaho.Gukomera cyane birashobora gutera guhindura disiki kandi bikongerera amahirwe yo guturika nibindi byangiritse.
Gusa hamwe no guhitamo neza no gushiraho ibiziga byiziga, imodoka izahagarara kumuhanda kandi itekanye mubihe bitandukanye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-05-2023