Hydraulic ya feri na feri yimodoka irimo igice cyorohereza kugenzura sisitemu - amplifier vacuum.Soma byose kubyerekeranye na feri ya vacuum na bosters, ubwoko bwabo nibishushanyo, hamwe no gutoranya, gusana no gusimbuza ibi bice mu ngingo yatanzwe kurubuga.
Amplifier niyihe?
Vacuum booster (VU) - igice cya sisitemu ya feri hamwe na clutch hamwe na hydraulic yimodoka yibiziga;Igikoresho cya pneumomechanical gitanga kwiyongera kwingufu kuri feri cyangwa pedal pedal kubera itandukaniro ryumuvuduko wumwuka mumyuka yiziritse.
Sisitemu yo gukoresha feri ikoreshwa na hydraulic ikoreshwa kumodoka nyinshi kandi amakamyo menshi afite imbogamizi ikomeye - umushoferi agomba gukoresha imbaraga zikomeye kuri pedal kugirango akore feri.Ibi biganisha kumunaniro wumushoferi kandi bigatera ibihe bibi mugihe utwaye.Ikibazo kimwe kigaragara no mumazi akoreshwa mumazi amakamyo menshi afite ibikoresho.Muri ibyo bihe byombi, ikibazo gikemurwa hakoreshejwe igice kimwe cya pneumomechanical - feri ya vacuum na booster.
VU ikora nk'umuhuza uri hagati ya feri / clutch pedal na silinderi ya feri (GTZ) / clutch master silinderi (GVC), itanga kwiyongera kwingufu ziva kuri pedal inshuro nyinshi, byoroshye kugenzura ibinyabiziga .Iki gice ni ingenzi kumikorere yimodoka itekanye, kandi nubwo gusenyuka muri rusange bitabangamira imikorere yimodoka ya feri / clutch, igomba gusanwa no gusimburwa.Ariko mbere yo kugura amplifier nshya ya vacuum cyangwa gusana iyakera, ugomba gusobanukirwa ubwoko buriho bwubu buryo, igishushanyo mbonera nihame ryimikorere.
Ubwoko, igishushanyo nihame ryimikorere ya vacuum amplifier
Mbere ya byose, twakagombye kumenya ko amplificateur vacuum ikoreshwa muri sisitemu ebyiri zimodoka:
● Muri sisitemu ya feri hamwe na hydraulic Drive - kuzamura feri ya vacuum (VUT);
● Muri clutch hamwe na hydraulic Drive - icyuka cya vacuum (VUS).
CWF ikoreshwa kumodoka zitwara abagenzi, ubucuruzi nubucuruzi buciriritse.VUS yashyizwe ku makamyo, romoruki n'imodoka zitandukanye.Nyamara, ubwoko bwombi bwongera imbaraga bufite imiterere imwe, kandi imikorere yabyo ishingiye kumahame amwe.
VU igabanyijemo amatsinda abiri manini:
Icyumba kimwe;
Ibyumba bibiri.
Reba igishushanyo n'ihame ry'imikorere ya VU ukurikije igikoresho kimwe.Muri rusange, VU igizwe nibice byinshi nibice:
● Urugereko (bita umubiri), rugabanijwe na diafragma yuzuye isoko mu mwobo 2;
Val Serivo ya valve (igenzura valve) igiti cyacyo gihujwe neza na clutch / feri pedal.Igice gisohoka cyumubiri wa valve nigice cyurugingo gifunze hamwe nigifuniko gikingira, icyuma cyoroshye cyo mu kirere gishobora kubakwa mumubiri wa valve;
● Guhuza cyangwa udafite cheque ya cheque kugirango uhuze icyumba na feri yo gufata igice cyingufu;
Inkoni ihujwe na diaphragm kuruhande rumwe na GTZ cyangwa GCS kurundi ruhande.
Muri VU ibyumba bibiri harimo kamera ebyiri zashyizwe murukurikirane hamwe na diaphragms, zikorera ku nkoni imwe ya disiki ya GTZ cyangwa GCS.Muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose, ibyuma bya silindrike byumba bikoreshwa, diaphragms nayo nicyuma, ifite ihagarikwa rya elastike (ikozwe muri reberi), itanga kugenda byoroshye igice kumurongo wacyo.
Icyumba cya VU kigabanijwe na diaphragm mu myobo ibiri: kuruhande rwa pedal hari akavuyo ko mu kirere, kuruhande rwa silinderi hari akavuyo.Umuyoboro wa vacuum uhora uhujwe nisoko ya vacuum - mubisanzwe moteri ya moteri ifata ibintu byinshi mubikorwa byayo (kugabanuka k'umuvuduko bibaho iyo piston zimanutse), ariko, pompe yihariye irashobora gukoreshwa mumodoka ifite moteri ya mazutu.Ikirere cyo mu kirere gifite aho gihurira n'ikirere (binyuze mu cyuma kigenzura) no mu cyuho cya vacuum (binyuze mu cyuma kimwe cyo kugenzura cyangwa icyerekezo gitandukanye).
Igishushanyo cya feri ya vacuum
Booster Igishushanyo cya signle-chamber vacuum booster
Igishushanyo mbonera cya chambe ebyiri
Vacuum amplifier ikora muburyo bworoshye.Iyo pedal yihebye, valve igenzura (servo valve) irafungwa, ariko imyenge yombi ivugana binyuze mumyobo, umuyoboro cyangwa valve itandukanye - ikomeza umuvuduko ukabije, diaphragm iringaniye kandi ntigenda mubyerekezo byombi.Mugihe cyo kwimura pedal imbere, valve ikurikirana iraterwa, igafunga umuyoboro uri hagati yu mwobo kandi icyarimwe ikavuga ikuzimu cyikirere nikirere, bityo igitutu kirimo kikiyongera cyane.Kubera iyo mpamvu, itandukaniro ryumuvuduko ribaho kuri diafragma, ryerekeza mu cyuho hamwe n’umuvuduko muke bitewe n’umuvuduko mwinshi w’ikirere, kandi binyuze mu nkoni ikora kuri GTZ cyangwa GCS.Bitewe numuvuduko wikirere, imbaraga kuri pedal ziriyongera, bigatuma urugendo rwa pedal rworoha mugihe feri cyangwa yangije clutch.
Niba pedal ihagaze mumwanya uwariwo wose, noneho valve ikurikirana irafunga (kubera ko umuvuduko kumpande zombi za piston cyangwa wogeje indege idasanzwe uringaniza, kandi ibyo bice bicara kuntebe yabo kubera ibikorwa byimpeshyi) hamwe nigitutu muri icyumba cyo mu kirere kireka guhinduka.Nkigisubizo, kugenda kwa diaphragm ninkoni birahagarara, GTZ cyangwa GCS bifitanye isano biguma mumwanya watoranijwe.Hamwe nindi mpinduka mumwanya wa pedal, igenzura ryongeye gufungura, inzira zasobanuwe haruguru zirakomeza.Rero, igenzura rya valve ritanga ibikorwa byo gukurikirana sisitemu, bityo ukagera kuburinganire hagati yimashini ya pedal nimbaraga zitangwa nuburyo bwose.
Iyo pedal irekuwe, valve ikurikirana irafunga, itandukanya umwobo wikirere nikirere, mugihe ufungura umwobo uri hagati yu mwobo.Nkigisubizo, umuvuduko ugabanuka mumyanya yombi, na diaphragm hamwe na GTZ cyangwa GCS bifitanye isano isubira kumwanya wambere kubera imbaraga zimpeshyi.Muri uyu mwanya, VU yiteguye kongera gukora.
Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, isoko ya vacuum ikunze kugaragara kuri VU ni uburyo bwo gufata amashanyarazi menshi, guhera aha biragaragara ko iyo moteri ihagaritswe, iki gice ntikizakora (nubwo icyuho gisigaye mu cyumba cya VU, ndetse moteri imaze guhagarara, izashobora gutanga kuva kuri feri imwe kugeza kuri eshatu).Na none, VU ntizakora niba ibyumba byacitse intege cyangwa amashanyarazi ya vacuum ava kuri moteri yangiritse.Ariko sisitemu ya feri cyangwa disiki ya clutch muriki kibazo izakomeza gukora, nubwo ibi bizasaba imbaraga nyinshi.Ikigaragara ni uko pedal ihujwe na GTZ cyangwa GCS binyuze mu nkoni ebyiri ziruka ku murongo wa VU yose.Mugihe rero habaye gusenyuka gutandukanye, inkoni za VU zizakora nkinkoni isanzwe.
Nigute wahitamo, gusana no kubungabunga vacuum amplifier
Imyitozo yerekana ko CWT na VUS bifite umutungo wingenzi kandi gake ntibiba isoko yibibazo.Ariko, kubwimpamvu zinyuranye, imikorere mibi irashobora kugaragara muriki gice, cyane cyane gutakaza ubukana bwicyumba, kwangirika kwa diafragma, imikorere mibi ya valve no kwangiza imashini ibice.Imikorere idahwitse yerekana imbaraga ziyongera kuri pedal no kugabanuka kwimitsi.Iyo ibimenyetso nkibi bigaragaye, birakenewe gusuzuma igice, mugihe habaye imikorere mibi, gusana cyangwa gusimbuza inteko ya amplifier.
Gusa ubwo bwoko nicyitegererezo cya VUT na VUS bisabwa gushyirwaho nuwakoze ibinyabiziga bigomba gufatwa kugirango bisimburwe.Ihame, biremewe gukoresha ibindi bice, ariko bigomba kuba bifite imiterere ikwiye nubunini bwubushakashatsi.Ntibyemewe gukoresha igice gitera imbaraga zidahagije - ibi bizatuma habaho kwangirika kwimikorere yikinyabiziga no kwiyongera k'umunaniro w'abashoferi.Kurugero, ntakibazo ugomba gushyira icyumba kimwe VU aho kuba ibyumba bibiri.Kurundi ruhande, ntabwo byumvikana gushiraho imbaraga zikomeye, kubera ko iyo uyikoresheje, "pedal feeling" irashobora gutakara, kandi uku gusimburwa bizasaba ibiciro bidafite ishingiro.
Na none, mugihe uhisemo amplifier, birakenewe ko uzirikana imiterere yabyo - ibi bice birashobora gutangwa hamwe na GTZ cyangwa GCS, cyangwa bitandukanye na byo.Byongeye kandi, urashobora gukenera kugura ibikoresho, ibipapuro, clamps hamwe na feri - ibi byose bigomba kwitabwaho mbere.
Gusimbuza vacuum amplifier bigomba gukorwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza yo gusana ikinyabiziga.Mubisanzwe, birahagije guhagarika uruti kuri pedal, kuvanaho GTZ / GCS (niba bameze neza) hamwe na hose, hanyuma ugasenya amplifier, kwishyiriraho ibice bishya bikorwa muburyo butandukanye.Niba VU ihindutse mu nteko hamwe na silinderi, noneho birakenewe mbere na mbere kuvoma amazi muri sisitemu no guhagarika imiyoboro ijya kumuzinga kuva kuri silinderi.Mugihe ushyizeho amplifier nshya, birakenewe ko uhindura pedal stroke, ibi birashobora kandi gukenerwa mugihe gikomeza gukora ikinyabiziga.
Niba icyuka cya vacuum cyatoranijwe neza kandi kigasimburwa, sisitemu yo gufata feri cyangwa imashini ikora ihita itangira gukora, ikagenzura neza ikinyabiziga mubihe byose.
Igihe cyoherejwe: Nyakanga-13-2023