Ishingiro rya sisitemu ya pneumatike yamakamyo ya MAZ nigice cyo gutera umwuka - compressor isubiranamo.Soma ibyerekeye MAZ compressors yindege, ubwoko bwayo, ibiranga, igishushanyo nihame ryimikorere, kimwe no kubungabunga neza, guhitamo no kugura iki gice muriyi ngingo.
Compressor ya MAZ ni iki?
Compressor ya MAZ ni igice cya sisitemu ya feri yamakamyo yikigo cyimodoka cya Minsk hamwe nuburyo bwo gutwara pneumatike;imashini yo guhumeka umwuka uva mu kirere no kuyiha ibice bya sisitemu ya pneumatike.
Compressor ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bigize sisitemu y'umusonga, ifite imirimo itatu y'ingenzi:
• Umwuka uva mu kirere;
• Guhagarika umwuka kumuvuduko ukenewe (0.6-1.2 MPa, bitewe nuburyo bwo gukora);
• Gutanga ingano isabwa yumwuka kuri sisitemu.
Compressor yashyizwe kumurongo winjira muri sisitemu, itanga umwuka wifunitse mubunini buhagije kugirango imikorere isanzwe yibice byose bigize sisitemu ya feri nabandi bakoresha.Imikorere idahwitse cyangwa kunanirwa kwiki gice bigabanya imikorere ya feri kandi bikabangamira imikorere yikinyabiziga.Kubwibyo, compressor idakwiye igomba gusanwa cyangwa gusimburwa vuba bishoboka, kandi kugirango uhitemo neza ibice, ugomba kumva ubwoko bwayo, ibiranga nibiranga.
Ubwoko, ibiranga nibisabwa bya compressor ya MAZ
Imodoka za MAZ zikoresha icyuma kimwe cya piston yo mu kirere hamwe na silindari imwe.Ikoreshwa ryibice biterwa nicyitegererezo cya moteri yashyizwe kumodoka, moderi ebyiri zibanze zikoreshwa cyane:
- 130-3509 ku binyabiziga bifite amashanyarazi ya YaMZ-236 na YaMZ-238 byahinduwe bitandukanye, MMZ D260 n’abandi, hamwe n’amashanyarazi mashya YaMZ "Euro-3" no hejuru (YaMZ-6562.10 n’abandi);
- 18.3509015-10 no guhindura ibinyabiziga bifite TMZ 8481.10 amashanyarazi yingufu zitandukanye.
Icyitegererezo cyibanze 130-3409 ni compressor ya 2-silinderi, hashingiwe kumurongo wose wibice byakozwe, ibipimo byingenzi byerekanwe kumeza:
| Icyitegererezo | Umusaruro, l / min | Gukoresha ingufu, kw | Ubwoko bwa Acuator |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16-3509012 | 210 | 2,17 | V-umukandara, pulley 172 mm |
| 161-3509012 | 210 | 2,0 | |
| 161-3509012-20 | 275 | 2,45 | |
| 540-3509015,540-3509015 B1 | 210 | 2,17 | |
| 5336-3509012 | 210 |
Ibi bice bitanga ibyo biranga umuvuduko wizina wa 2000 rpm kandi bigakomeza kugeza kuri 2500 rpm.Compressors 5336-3509012, yagenewe moteri nyinshi zigezweho, ikora ku muvuduko wa shaft ya 2800 na 3200 rpm.
Compressors yashyizwe kuri moteri, ihuza sisitemu yo gukonjesha no gusiga.Umutwe wigice ukonjesha amazi, silinderi ikonjeshwa numwuka kubera amababa yateye imbere.Gusiga amavuta ibice byahujwe (ibice bitandukanye bisiga amavuta munsi yigitutu na spray yamavuta).Itandukaniro riri hagati yo guhindura compressor yuburyo bwibanze 130-3409 nuburyo butandukanye bwimiyoboro yinjira nogusohoka ya sisitemu yo gukonjesha no gusiga, hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera.
Igice 18.3509015-10 - silindiri imwe, ifite ubushobozi bwa 373 l / min ku muvuduko wateganijwe wa 2000 rpm (ntarengwa - 2700 rpm, ntarengwa ku gipimo cyagabanutse - 3000 rpm).Compressor yashyizwe kuri moteri, itwarwa nibikoresho byogukwirakwiza gaze, ihujwe na sisitemu yo gukonjesha no gusiga moteri.Gukonjesha umutwe ni amazi, gukonjesha silinderi ni umwuka, amavuta arahujwe.
Itsinda ryihariye rigizwe na compressor 5340.3509010-20 / LK3881 (silindiri imwe) na 536.3509010 / LP4870 (silindiri ebyiri) - ibi bice bifite ubushobozi bwa 270 l / min (amahitamo yombi) hamwe na disiki iva kubikoresho byigihe.
Compressor ya moderi zose zitangwa muburyo butandukanye - hamwe na pulleys hamwe na pulleys, hamwe no gupakurura (hamwe nogukoresha ingufu za mashini, "umusirikare") kandi utayifite, nibindi.
Igishushanyo nihame ryimikorere ya compressor ya MAZ
MAZ compressor ya moderi zose zifite igikoresho cyoroshye.Ishingiro ryigice ni blindingi ya silinderi, mugice cyo hejuru cya silinderi giherereye, naho mugice cyo hepfo hari igikonjo hamwe nigitereko cyacyo.Ikariso yikigo ifunze hamwe ninyuma yinyuma ninyuma, umutwe ushyirwa kumurongo unyuze kuri gasketi (gasketi).Muri silinderi harimo piston kumurongo uhuza, kwishyiriraho ibice bikorwa binyuze mumurongo.Ibikoresho bya pulley cyangwa ibinyabiziga byashyizwe kumano ya crankshaft, pulley / gear ni urufunguzo rwo gushiraho, hamwe no gukosora ibyimuka birebire hamwe nimbuto.
Inzitizi na crankshaft bifite imiyoboro ya peteroli itanga amavuta kubice byo guswera.Amavuta akandamijwe anyura mumiyoboro muri crankshaft yerekeza kubinyamakuru bihuza inkoni, aho bisiga amavuta yimbere yimbere yumurongo hamwe ninkoni ihuza.Nanone, umuvuduko muke uva mubinyamakuru bihuza inkoni uhuza inkoni ihuza winjira muri piston.Byongeye kandi, amavuta aratemba kandi avunika no kuzenguruka ibice mu bitonyanga bito - ibicu bivamo amavuta bivamo amavuta inkuta za silinderi nibindi bice.
Mumutwe wikibanza harimo indangagaciro - gufata, unyuramo umwuka uva mukirere winjira muri silinderi, hanyuma ugasohoka, unyuramo umwuka ucanye uhabwa ibice bikurikira bya sisitemu.Imyonga ifite ishusho ya wafer, ifashwe mumwanya ufunze hifashishijwe amasoko yatetse.Hagati ya valve hari igikoresho cyo gupakurura, iyo, iyo umuvuduko uri kuri compressor isohoka cyane, ugafungura imyanda yombi, bigatuma umwuka wubusa hagati yabo unyuze mumiyoboro isohoka.
Igishushanyo mbonera cya silindiri ebyiri compressor MAZ
Ihame ryakazi rya compressor de air iroroshye.Iyo moteri itangiye, uruziga rwigice rutangira kuzunguruka, rutanga ingendo zo gusubiranamo za piston zinyuze mu nkoni zihuza.Iyo piston yamanuwe bitewe n’umuvuduko w’ikirere, valve yinjira irakinguka, kandi umwuka uva, nyuma yo kunyura muyungurura kugirango ukureho umwanda, wuzuza silinderi.Iyo piston yazamutse, valve yo gufata irafunga, mugihe kimwe na valve isohoka ifunze - umuvuduko uri muri silinderi uriyongera.Iyo igitutu runaka kigeze, valve isohoka irakinguka kandi umwuka ukanyuzamo muri sisitemu ya pneumatike.Niba igitutu muri sisitemu kiri hejuru cyane, noneho ibikoresho byo gusohora biza gukora, byombi byakinguwe, hamwe na compressor idakora.
Mubice bibiri bya silinderi, silinderi ikora muri antifase: iyo piston imwe yamanutse hanyuma umwuka ugahumeka muri silinderi, piston ya kabiri igenda hejuru igasunika umwuka wugarije muri sisitemu.
Ibibazo byo kubungabunga, gusana, guhitamo no gusimbuza MAZ compressor
Compressor yo mu kirere nigice cyoroshye kandi cyizewe gishobora gukora imyaka.Ariko, kugirango tugere kuri iki gisubizo, ni ngombwa gukora buri gihe kubungabunga byateganijwe.By'umwihariko, impagarara z'umukandara wo gutwara za silindiri ebyiri zigomba kugenzurwa buri munsi (gutandukana k'umukandara ntigomba kurenza mm 5-8 mugihe hashyizweho ingufu za kg 3), kandi, nibiba ngombwa, guhinduka bigomba bikozwe ukoresheje tensioner.
Buri kilometero ibihumbi 10-12 biruka, ugomba kugenzura kashe yumuyoboro utanga amavuta mugice cyinyuma cyikigo.Buri kilometero ibihumbi 40-50 biruka, umutwe ugomba gusenywa, ugomba gusukurwa, piston, indangagaciro, imiyoboro, amasoko hamwe n’ibisohoka, nibindi bice.Ubwizerwe nubusugire bwimyanya ihita igenzurwa, nibiba ngombwa, irasimburwa (hamwe no gukubita).Nanone, igikoresho cyo gupakurura kigomba kugenzurwa.Imirimo yose igomba gukorwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza yo gufata neza no gusana imodoka.
Niba ibice bimwe bya compressor bimenetse, birashobora gusimburwa, mubihe bimwe na bimwe birakenewe guhindura burundu compressor (deformations hamwe nuduce kumutwe no guhagarika, kwambara muri silinderi nizindi mikorere mibi).Mugihe uhisemo compressor nshya, birakenewe kuzirikana icyitegererezo no guhindura igice gishaje, kimwe nicyitegererezo cyumuriro.Muri rusange, ibice byose bishingiye kuri 130-3509 birashobora guhinduka kandi birashobora gukora kuri moteri iyo ari yo yose YaMZ-236, 238 hamwe na byinshi byahinduwe.Ariko rero, twakagombye kuzirikana ko bamwe muribo bafite ubushobozi bwa 210 l / min, nabandi bafite ubushobozi bwa 270 l / min, hamwe na compressor nshya yicyitegererezo 5336-3509012 yuburyo butandukanye busanzwe bukora kumuvuduko mwinshi. .Niba moteri yahoze ifite compressor ifite ubushobozi bwa 270 l / min, noneho igice gishya kigomba kuba kimwe, naho ubundi sisitemu ntizaba ifite umwuka uhagije kugirango ikore bisanzwe.
Compressor imwe-silinderi imwe 18.3509015-10 itangwa mumubare muto wo guhindura, kandi ntabwo yose ishobora guhinduka.Kurugero, compressor 18.3509015 yagenewe moteri ya KAMAZ 740 kandi ntabwo ibereye moteri ya YaMZ.Kugirango wirinde amakosa, birakenewe kwerekana amazina yuzuye ya compressor mbere yo kuyagura.
Ku buryo butandukanye, birakwiye ko tuvuga compressor yo mu Budage KNORR-BREMSE, ikaba igereranya na moderi yavuzwe haruguru yibice.Kurugero, compressor ebyiri zibiri zishobora gusimburwa nigice cya 650.3509009, hamwe na compressor imwe imwe na LP-3999.Izi compressor zifite imiterere imwe nubunini bwubushakashatsi, kuburyo byoroshye gufata umwanya wurugo.
Hamwe noguhitamo neza no kwishyiriraho, compressor ya MAZ izakora neza, irebe imikorere yimikorere ya pneumatike yikinyabiziga mubihe byose bikora.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-05-2023