Kwimura imizigo intera ngufi mugihe bidashoboka gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye birashobora kuba ikibazo nyacyo.Amaboko y'intoki aje gutabara mubihe nkibi.Soma byose kubyerekeranye n'intoki, ubwoko bwazo, igishushanyo n'ibiranga, kimwe no guhitamo no gukoresha ibyo bikoresho mu ngingo.
Intoki ni iki
Intoki y'intoki ni uburyo bukoreshwa n'intoki no guterura (guterura) uburyo bwagenewe gutambuka kandi, ku rugero ruto, kugenda guhagaritse imitwaro itandukanye.
Mugihe ukora ibikorwa byo gupakurura no gupakurura, imbaraga zingenzi zirasabwa gukuramo ibinyabiziga n'imashini zometse, kwimura ibicuruzwa ahantu hamwe.Kubikorwa nkibi, urashobora gukoresha ibikoresho bidasanzwe byo guterura, ariko ibi ntabwo buri gihe bishoboka.Mu bihe ibikoresho bidasanzwe bitabonetse, kandi imbaraga zisabwa ntizirenza toni nyinshi, uburyo bworoshye bwo guterura no gutwara abantu hamwe nintoki yintoki biza gutabara - intoki.
Amaboko y'intoki arashobora gukoreshwa mubihe bitandukanye:
Gukuramo imodoka, romoruki, imashini n'ibindi bikoresho bifashe ku mihanda;
● Kwimura no guterura ibicuruzwa ahubatswe;
Gukora ibikorwa byibanze nubufasha mugihe cyo gupakira no gupakurura udahari ● amashanyarazi n'amashanyarazi adasanzwe, ndetse no mumwanya ufunzwe.
Twabibutsa ko kuri ubu hari amatsinda abiri yuburyo bwo guterura no gutwara ibintu bisa nkibikorwa: imashini zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kwimura ibicuruzwa mu ndege itambitse, hamwe no kuzamura ibicuruzwa mu ndege ihagaritse.Iyi ngingo ikubiyemo intoki zikoreshwa gusa.
Ubwoko, igishushanyo nibiranga intoki
Amaboko y'intoki agabanijwe mu matsinda abiri manini akurikije ihame ry'imikorere:
● Spiers (ingoma, capstans);
Uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho no gukurura (MTM).
Ku mutima wa spire (ingoma) winches ni ingoma ikomeretsa umugozi cyangwa kaseti, gukurura kurema iyo ingoma izunguruka.Hagati ya MTM ni jambo rifatika ritanga gufunga no gukurura umugozi, bityo bikurura igikurura.Izi winches zose zifite imiterere yihariye.
Spire winches igabanijwemo ubwoko bwinshi ukurikije uburyo bwo guhererekanya imbaraga kurugoma:
Gear;
Worm;
Lever.
Igikoresho cyo gushiraho no gukurura
Ibikoresho byinyo hamwe ninzoka zikunze kuvugwa gusa nkingoma yingoma.Mu buryo, muburyo, winches ziroroshye.Ishingiro ryibikoresho bya gare ni ikadiri aho ingoma ifite umugozi utajegajega hamwe nibikoresho binini kuri imwe kumpera bishyirwa kumurongo.Ku ikadiri hari ikiganza gihujwe nibikoresho bito, bifatanya nibikoresho ku ngoma.Na none, uburyo bwo guhagarika ibipimo bifitanye isano nigitoki cyangwa ingoma - uruziga rw'ibikoresho hamwe na pawl yimukanwa yimuka ishobora gufunga ubwo buryo, nibiba ngombwa, ikarekura.Iyo ikiganza kizunguruka, ingoma nayo iza mukuzunguruka, aho umugozi wakomeretse - ibi bitera imbaraga zikurura zishyiraho umutwaro mukigenda.Nibiba ngombwa, winch ifunzwe nuburyo bwa ratchet, ibuza ingoma guhita ihindukirira muburyo butandukanye munsi yumutwaro.
Winch ifite uburyo bwinzoka ifite igishushanyo gisa, ariko muri yo ibyuma byombi bisimbuzwa inyo, inyo ikaba ihujwe nigikoresho cyo gutwara.Umuhengeri nk'uwo urashobora gukora imbaraga nyinshi, ariko biragoye kubikora, kubwibyo ntibisanzwe.
Winches y'ibikoresho n'ubwoko bw'inyo akenshi birahagarara - ikadiri yabo yashizwe kumurongo ukomeye (kurukuta, hasi, kumurongo wimodoka cyangwa indi modoka).
Lever winches ifite igikoresho cyoroshye.Bashingiye kandi kumurongo, aho ingoma ifite umugozi iherereye kumurongo, kumurongo umwe cyangwa impande zombi zikoreshwa.Ikibaho nacyo gishyirwa kumurongo wingoma, kuri pawusi imwe cyangwa ebyiri zifatanije - bo, hamwe nuruziga rwibikoresho (ibiziga) byingoma, bakora uburyo bwo kugereranya.Lever irashobora kugira uburebure butandukanye, gukomera cyangwa telesikopi (uburebure buhinduka).Kuruhande rwingoma, imwe cyangwa ebyiri zindi zashizwe kumurongo - bo, hamwe nibikoresho, bakora uburyo bwo guhagarika kwemeza ko ingoma ifunga munsi yumutwaro.Ku ruhande rumwe rw'ikadiri, hafatishijwe icyuma cyangwa inanga, bifashishije icyuma gishyirwa ku kintu cyagenwe, ku rundi ruhande hari igikomere cy’umugozi ku ngoma kandi gifite isano ikomeye.
Intoki ya lever wire umugozi winch
Igikoresho cyamaboko ya lever winch hamwe na polyspast
Icyuma cya lever nacyo gikora muburyo bworoshye: iyo lever igenda mucyerekezo kimwe, pawusi iruhuka ibyuma hanyuma igahindura ingoma hamwe nabo - ibi bitera imbaraga zikurura zituma umutwaro ugenda.Iyo leveri isubiye inyuma, pawles iranyerera ku menyo ku ruziga, isubira aho yari iri.Mugihe kimwe, ingoma ifunzwe nintoki zuburyo bwo guhagarika, bityo winch ifata neza umutwaro munsi yumutwaro.
Lever winches isanzwe yikururwa (mobile), kugirango ikore imirimo yo guterura no gutwara, igomba kubanza gushyirwaho kumurongo uhamye (ibiti, amabuye, imiterere imwe cyangwa imodoka ihagaze), hanyuma ikarinda umutwaro.
Imashini, inyo na lever winches bigabanyijemo amatsinda abiri ukurikije ubwoko bwumugozi wakoreshejwe:
● Umugozi - ufite ibyuma bigoretse byuma bito bito byambukiranya;
Ape Tape - ifite ibikoresho bya kaseti bikozwe muri nylon cyangwa ibindi bikoresho bya sintetike.
Uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho no gutwara ibintu bifite igishushanyo gitandukanye.Zishingiye ku mubiri urimo ibice bibiri bifatanye, buri kimwe kigizwe nudupapuro tubiri (umusaya).Inzitizi zahujwe nuburyo bwo gufatana, aribwo buryo bwinkoni nudusanduku duhujwe nububasha bwo gutwara, lever rever na leveri yo kurekura uburyo bwumugozi.Ku mpera imwe yumubiri wa winch hari icyuma cyangwa inanga, unyuzamo igikoresho gishyizwe kumurongo uhagaze.
Intoki ingoma umugozi winch
Intoki y'umukandara
Imirimo ya MTM niyi ikurikira.Umugozi urudodo unyuze mumubiri wose wa winch, uherereye hagati ya clamping clamping, iyo, iyo lever yimutse, ikora ukundi.Iyo leveri igenda mucyerekezo kimwe, igice kimwe gifatanye hanyuma kigasubizwa inyuma, igice cya kabiri kidafunze kandi kigana imbere - nkigisubizo, umugozi urambuye kandi ukurura umutwaro.Iyo leveri isubiye inyuma, ibibujijwe bihindura inshingano - nkigisubizo, umugozi uhora ushyizweho numwe mubice hanyuma ugakururwa unyuze.
Ibyiza bya MTM nuko ishobora gukoreshwa numuyoboro wuburebure ubwo aribwo bwose, mugihe ifite ibice byambukiranya.
Amaboko y'intoki atezimbere imbaraga za toni 0.45 kugeza kuri 4, ingoma zingoma zifite insinga cyangwa kaseti kuva kuri metero 1,2 kugeza kuri 9 z'uburebure, MTM irashobora kugira insinga zigera kuri metero 20 cyangwa zirenga.Lever winches, nkuko bisanzwe, byongeweho ibikoresho bya polyspast - icyongeweho cyongeweho hamwe nikubye kabiri imbaraga zikoreshwa mumitwaro.Igice kinini cyamaboko ya kijyambere afite ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifunze amasoko yuzuye, bidatanga gusa kwizirika umutwaro, ahubwo binarinda kunyerera undi mugozi cyangwa umugozi mugihe ukora ibikorwa byo guterura no gutwara.
Nigute ushobora guhitamo, gushiraho no gukoresha intoki
Iyo uhisemo igikoma, ni ngombwa kuzirikana imiterere yimikorere yacyo nuburemere ntarengwa bwibicuruzwa byimurwa.Gukoresha imodoka na SUV, birahagije rwose kugira winches ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara toni zigera kuri ebyiri, kubinyabiziga biremereye - kugeza kuri toni enye.Winches ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara toni 0.45-1.2 irashobora gukoreshwa mugutwara imizigo mito ugereranije mugihe cyo gushiraho inyubako zitandukanye, ahubatswe cyangwa ahacururizwa.
Ku modoka nibi bihe iyo winch igomba kwimurwa ikajya ahandi cyangwa igahitamo ahantu heza ho gufatira, nibyiza gukoresha ibikoresho bya lever mobile.Niba kandi hari ahantu hihariye ho gushiraho winch, noneho ugomba guha icyifuzo igikoresho gifite ibikoresho cyangwa disiki yinyo.Muri ibyo bihe iyo bibaye ngombwa gukoresha insinga z'uburebure, nibyiza kwitabaza ubufasha bwa MTM.
Guhitamo gushimishije birashobora kuba winches hamwe na polyspast: imizigo mito irashobora kwimurwa idafite polyspast kumuvuduko mwinshi, hamwe nimizigo minini hamwe na polyspast, ariko kumuvuduko muke.Urashobora kandi kugura ibyuma bifata insinga hamwe ninsinga, bizagufasha gukora ibikorwa bitandukanye.
Intoki y'intoki winch hamwe na disiki yinyo
Amaboko y'intoki agomba gukoreshwa hitawe kumabwiriza hamwe nibyifuzo rusange byo gupakira no gupakurura no guterura no gutwara.Mugihe ukoresheje lever winches na MTM, bigomba gushyirwaho neza kubintu bihagaze cyangwa imiterere.Mugihe cyo gukora winch, abantu bagomba kurinda intera itandukanijwe numuyoboro n'umutwaro kugirango birinde gukomeretsa.Ugomba kandi kwirinda kurenza imitwaro.
Guhitamo neza nigikorwa cya winch ni garanti yimikorere myiza kandi itekanye yumurimo mubihe byose.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-12-2023