Mu modoka nyinshi zo murugo zisohoka hakiri kare, urumuri rwagati rwagati hamwe na rheostat rwakoreshejwe cyane, bikwemerera guhindura urumuri rwibikoresho byinyuma.Soma ibyerekeye ibyo bikoresho byose, ubwoko bwabo buriho, igishushanyo, imikorere, kimwe no guhitamo kwabo no gusimburwa mu ngingo
Intego nimirimo yumucyo uhindura hamwe noguhindura ibipimo
Itara ryoroheje hamwe noguhindura ibipimo (hagati yumucyo wo hagati hamwe na rheostat, CPS) nigikoresho cyo guhinduranya hamwe na rheostat yubatswe, yagenewe kuzimya / kuzimya ibikoresho byo kumurika hanze yikinyabiziga, kimwe no gufungura no guhindura umucyo wigikoresho cyinyuma.
Kugirango imikorere isanzwe yimodoka, umushoferi akeneye kubona ibyasomwe nibikoresho, utitaye kumwanya wumunsi nurwego rwo kumurika.Kugirango bigerweho, umunzani wibikoresho byose kumurongo wamuritswe ukoresheje amatara yubatswe cyangwa LED.Mu binyabiziga byinshi, urumuri rwurumuri rwinyuma rushobora guhinduka.Mu nganda z’imodoka zo mu gihugu, iyi mikorere yakunze gushyirwa mubikorwa hifashishijwe igikoresho cyo guhinduranya - urumuri rwagati rwagati hamwe noguhindura urumuri rushingiye kumurongo wubatswe na rheostat.
Guhindura urumuri hamwe noguhindura igipimo nigikoresho gifite imirimo myinshi:
● Guhindura ibikoresho byo kumurika hanze yikinyabiziga - amatara, amatara yo guhagarara, kumurika ibyapa, amatara yibicu n'amatara;
Guhindura urumuri rwinyuma rwibikoresho cyangwa ibikoresho bya cluster;
Guhindura urumuri rwurumuri;
● Imbere ya fermobimetallic fuse - kurinda imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi y'ibikoresho byo kumurika ibintu birenze urugero mugihe habaye imiyoboro migufi cyangwa izindi mikorere mibi.
Nukuvuga ko, iki gikoresho gikora nka CPS isanzwe, itanga uburyo bwo guhinduranya ibikoresho byo kumurika hanze yimodoka (mugihe uhindura uburyo bwo gukora bwamatara bikorwa na sisitemu itandukanye), kandi nkuburyo bwo kongera ihumure mugihe utwaye imodoka mugushiraho urumuri rwiza rwibikoresho inyuma.Imikorere mibi yose yumucyo uhinduranya urumuri rwinyuma bivamo imikorere idahwitse yibikoresho byo kumurika, mugihe habaye ibihe nkibi, igikoresho kigomba gusanwa cyangwa gusimburwa.Ariko mbere yuko ujya mububiko bwa CPS nshya hamwe na rheostat, ugomba gusobanukirwa ubwoko buriho bwibikoresho nibiranga.
Ubwoko, igishushanyo nibiranga urumuri rwahinduwe hamwe nubunini bwahinduwe
Ku modoka zo murugo, hakoreshwa uburyo bwinshi bwo guhinduranya urumuri hamwe no guhindura urumuri rwinyuma - P38, P44, P-306, P312, hamwe nibimenyetso 41.3709, 53.3709, 531.3709 nibindi.Ariko, bose bafite igikoresho kimwe gisa, gitandukanye gusa mubipimo no kugipimo cyo kwishyiriraho, umubare wamatsinda yo guhuza hamwe nibiranga.Twabibutsa kandi ko ibintu bisa nkibi bikoreshwa cyane kuri traktor, bidasanzwe nibindi bikoresho.
Muri rusange, switch ifite igishushanyo gikurikira.Ishimikiro ryigikoresho nikibazo kirimo ibice bibiri byo guhinduranya: rheostat kumurongo wikingira ufunze hamwe nicyuma (kugirango wirinde kwinjiza ibintu byamahanga bishobora gutera uruziga rugufi), hamwe numwanya wo guhuza ubwawo shingiro rifatika aho ibisohoka bisohokera hamwe na clamp clamp biherereye, hamwe na gare yimukanwa hamwe nikiraro cyitumanaho.Mu gice cyo hasi cyumubiri munsi yikinyabiziga hari akazu koroheje gashingiye kumupira wuzuye amasoko, ugwa mukiruhuko muri gare, ukemeza ko uhagaze neza.Imodoka ihujwe cyane ninkoni yicyuma, amaherezo yayo hari ikiganza cya plastiki kigera imbere yikibaho.
Igice cya rheostat ya switch ikusanyirizwa ku isahani yububiko bwa ceramic hamwe nuruziga ruzengurutse, aho usanga insinga ya nichrome yagoramye - rheostat.Uruti rwashyizwemo amaboko ya plastike hamwe nigitambambuga gishobora kunyerera hejuru ya rheostat mugihe ikiganza cyahinduwe.Ukuboko hamwe nigitambambuga kanda kuri rheostat nisoko.Rheostat ihujwe na dashboard yamurika ikoresheje imirongo ibiri isohoka: imwe iturutse kuri rheostat, iyakabiri ivuye kumurongo.
Guhindura ubwoko bwa P-44 na P-306 bifite ubwubatsi bwa thermobimetallic fuse yibikorwa byasubiwemo, bigahuza imirongo yose yibikoresho byamatara mugihe birenze urugero cyangwa imiyoboro migufi.Fuse yubatswe ku isahani ya thermobimetallic, iyo, iyo ishyutswe, ikunama bitewe numuyoboro mwinshi unyuramo, ikava mumikoranire ikingura uruziga.Iyo gukonjesha, isahani isubira mumwanya wambere, igafunga uruziga, ariko niba imikorere idakuweho, ihita ihaguruka ikongera guhura.Fuse ikozwe muburyo bwikibanza gitandukanye kiri kuruhande rwamazu yimikorere.Ibisigaye byahinduwe cyane byahujwe hamwe nubushyuhe butandukanye bwa bimetallic fuse.
Igishushanyo mbonera cyoroheje hamwe noguhindura ibipimo
Igishushanyo mbonera cyumucyo hamwe noguhindura ibipimo (hagati yumucyo wo hagati)
Ubwoko bwa P-38 bufite itandatu isohoka, ibisigaye ni bitanu gusa.Terminal imwe ihora ijya "kubutaka", imwe - uhereye kuri rheostat yo guhuza itara ryerekana, ahasigaye - kugirango uhuze ibikoresho byo kumurika hanze.
GQPs zose zaganiriweho hano zikora zifatanije ninyongera yumucyo.Mu modoka zicyitegererezo cyambere, guhinduranya ibirenge byakoreshejwe cyane, byemeza ko hashyizwemo ibiti bito kandi birebire.Nyuma, abahindura batangiye gushyirwaho kumwanya wimbere hanyuma binjizwa mumashanyarazi.Kuri moderi zigezweho, CPS hamwe na rheostat ihuriweho ntabwo ikoreshwa muburyo bwo guhindura urumuri rwinyuma, akenshi ababishinzwe bahuye bashyirwa kumurongo cyangwa bagahuzwa mubice bimwe hamwe na CPS, kandi rimwe na rimwe hamwe nubugenzuzi bwamatara.
Ihame ryakazi ryumucyo Hindura hamwe noguhindura umunzani
CPS ikora hamwe no guhindura amatara yinyuma kuburyo bukurikira.Hifashishijwe urutoki, inkoni ikurwa munzu ikurura igare hamwe nikiraro cyitumanaho, iyo, iyo gare ikosowe, ikemeza ko hafunzwe imiyoboro isohoka kandi, bityo, imizunguruko ijyanye nayo.Igikoresho gifite imyanya itatu:
0 "0" - amatara yazimye (ikiganza kirasuzumwa rwose);
I "I" - amatara yo kumpande hamwe nicyapa cyinyuma kimurika (urumuri rwongerewe kumwanya wambere uhamye);
II "II" - amatara yaka hamwe hamwe nibikoresho byose (ikiganza cyaguwe kumwanya wa kabiri uhamye).
Mumwanya wa "I" na "II", urashobora kandi gucana amatara yo kumurongo, kubwibyo guhinduranya ibintu bizunguruka ku isaha.Iyo ikiganza gihinduwe, igitambambuga kigenda kuri rheostat, gitanga impinduka mumbaraga zubu mumatara yinyuma yumucyo hanyuma, kubwibyo, guhindura urumuri rwabo.Kuzimya itara ryinyuma, ikiganza kizunguruka ku isaha kugeza gihagaritse.
Nigute ushobora guhitamo, gushiraho no gukoresha urumuri rwumucyo hamwe noguhindura ibipimo
Kubera ko CPS hamwe na rheostat ari igikoresho cya elegitoroniki, akenshi gifite imikorere mibi ijyanye no kwambara imashini - gusenyuka no guhindura ibice bitandukanye, kwanduza imibonano, nibindi. Nanone, imikorere yigikoresho irashobora kwangirika bitewe no gukama cyangwa kwanduza amavuta. , okiside yibice, nibindi. Kurenga kuri switch bigaragarira mubushobozi buke bwo kuzimya cyangwa kuzimya ibikoresho byose cyangwa amatara yabantu kugiti cyabo, muguhagarika kwizana kwizana ryibikoresho mugihe cyo kunyeganyega, mukubuza kugenda cyangwa kuvanga intoki.Muri ibi bihe byose, switch igomba kugenzurwa kandi, niba ifite inenge, ikosorwa cyangwa igasimburwa.
Guhindura urumuri rwagati hamwe nibikoresho bya kure bigenzura
Kugirango bigenzurwe (kimwe no kubisimbuza), igikoresho kigomba gusenywa no kuvanwa ku kibaho, mubisanzwe abahindura bafatwa nimbuto imwe (ariko, ikiganza nacyo kigomba gukurwaho kugirango gisenywe).Birakenewe gukora igenzura ryerekanwa rya switch, gusukura imibonano no gukoresha ikizamini cyangwa itara ryo kugenzura na bateri kugirango ugenzure amatsinda yabyo kugirango bakore bisanzwe.
Niba amakosahindurantishobora gusanwa, igomba gusimburwa.Kubisimbuza, birasabwa gufata igikoresho cyubwoko bumwe nicyitegererezo cyashyizwe kumodoka mbere.Rimwe na rimwe, biremewe gukoresha igikoresho cyubundi buryo, ariko rimwe na rimwe gusimburwa bisaba kunonosorwa.Kurugero, mugihe ushyizeho P-312 wihinduranya aho kuba P-38, bizaba ngombwa guhindura insinga zumuriro wamashanyarazi wibikoresho bimurika, bishobora kugira ingaruka kuri algorithm yo kuzimya no kuzimya.
Gusimbuza indi mirimo bigomba gukorwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza yo gusana iyi modoka yihariye.Niba gutoranya no gusimbuza urumuri rwahinduwe hamwe no guhindura urumuri rwakozwe neza, noneho ibikoresho byose byo kumurika imbere no hanze yikinyabiziga bizakora ntakabuza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-10-2023