Mu modoka nyinshi zigezweho nibikoresho bidasanzwe, ahantu hambere hood ihagarara muburyo bwinkoni ikorerwamo ibyuma bidasanzwe (cyangwa amasoko ya gaz).Soma byose kubyerekeranye na hood shock absorbers, intego yabyo, ubwoko buriho nibiranga ibishushanyo, kubungabunga no gusana mu ngingo.
Intego ya shitingi ya hood
Mu binyabiziga bigezweho nibindi bikoresho, hitabwa cyane cyane kumutekano wabantu mugihe cyo gukora no kubungabunga.Ugereranije ibikoresho bishya byemeza umutekano nuburyo bworoshye mukubungabunga no gusana ibikoresho birimo ibintu bitandukanye bikurura ibintu (gaze ihagarara) ya hood.Iki kintu cyoroshye cyatangiye gushyirwaho kumodoka, romoruki, ibikoresho bidasanzwe hamwe nimashini zitandukanye ugereranije vuba aha, ariko bimaze kumenyekana kandi, birashoboka, mugihe kizaza bizasimbuza burundu ibintu bitameze neza kandi ntabwo byizewe bihagarara.
Umuyoboro wa hood cyangwa, nkuko bikunze kwitwa, guhagarika gaze nigikoresho cyo gufungura neza / gufunga ingofero no kuyifungura.Iki gice gikemura ibibazo byinshi:
- Imfashanyo yo gufungura ingofero - guhagarara bizamura ingofero, nyir'imodoka cyangwa umukanishi ntabwo agomba gushyiramo ingufu no kuzamura amaboko hejuru;
- Gufungura no gufunga ingofero - gufata imashini irinda guhungabana bibaho mumwanya ukabije wa hood;
- Gufata neza kwizerwa kumwanya ufunguye.
Byongeye kandi, imashini ikingira irinda ingofero ubwayo hamwe no gufunga hamwe nibice byumubiri kubihinduka bishobora kubaho mugihe cyingaruka.Kubwibyo, kuba hari imashini ikurura hood byongera ubuzima bwibi bice, kandi bikongera cyane ubworoherane bwimikorere, kubungabunga no gusana ibinyabiziga bifite ibikoresho.
Ubwoko nihame ryimikorere ya hood shock (imashini ya gaze)
Byakagombye kuvugwa ako kanya ko ibyuma byose byifashishwa bikoreshwa muri iki gihe ari amasoko ya gaze, bisa mu gishushanyo n’ihame ryo gukora ku masoko ya gaze yo mu nzu (cyangwa kuzamura gaze).Nyamara, mu ikoranabuhanga, bitandukanye n’ibikorwa byo mu nzu, hakoreshwa ubwoko bubiri bwikurura:
- Gazi (cyangwa pneumatike) hamwe no kugabanya imbaraga;
- Amavuta ya gaze (cyangwa hydropneumatic) hamwe na hydraulic damping.
Ibyuma bikurura gaz byateguwe neza.Ni silinderi imbere harimo piston ku nkoni.Isohoka ryinkoni iva muri silinderi ifunze neza hamwe na gland kugirango ikingire gaze.Mu rukuta rwa silinderi hari imiyoboro inyuramo, mugihe cyo gukora imashini ikurura, gaze iva mu mwobo ujya mu rindi.Silinderi yuzuyemo gaze (ubusanzwe azote) kumuvuduko mwinshi.
Isoko ya gaze ikora kuburyo bukurikira.Iyo hood ifunze, imashini ikurura irahagarikwa, nkigisubizo cyayo hari urugero runaka rwa gaze munsi yumuvuduko mwinshi mumwanya wa piston hejuru.Iyo ufunguye ingofero, igitutu cya gaze mumashanyarazi irenze uburemere bwa hood, nkigisubizo kizamuka.Mugihe runaka, piston yambukiranya imiyoboro yumuyaga inyuramo gaze yinjira mumwanya wa piston, bitewe nuko umuvuduko uri mumwanya wa piston uri hejuru ugabanuka kandi umuvuduko wo kuzamura ingofero ukagabanuka.Hamwe no kugenda, piston ifunga imiyoboro, kandi hejuru yugurura ingofero, piston ihagarara neza hamwe na gaze yavuyemo.Iyo ingofero ifunze, ibintu byose bibaho muburyo butandukanye, ariko imbaraga zambere zo kwimuka zitangwa namaboko yabantu.
Dynamic damping ishyirwa mubikorwa bya gaze ya gaze.Kuzamura no kumanura ingofero kubera guhora kugabanuka k'umuvuduko wa gaze bibaho ku muvuduko ugabanuka, kandi ku cyiciro cya nyuma ingofero ihagarara neza kubera guhagarika piston muri gaze "umusego".
Amasoko ya Hydropneumatike afite igikoresho kimwe, ariko hamwe nikinyuranyo kimwe: kirimo amavuta runaka, aho piston yibizwa mugihe hood yazamutse.Hydraulic damping ishyirwa mubikorwa muri ibyo byuma bikurura, kubera ko ingaruka za hood iyo imyanya ikabije igeze iba yazimye namavuta kubera ubwiza bwayo.
Hydropneumatic shock absorbers, itandukanye na pneumatike ikurura, izamura ingofero byihuse kandi muburyo butagabanije umuvuduko mukarere kose, ariko ibyuma byangiza pneumatike bikora neza kandi bifite imbaraga nke mumwanya ukabije.Nubwo hari itandukaniro, uyumunsi ubwoko bwombi bwamasoko arikwirakwiza kimwe.
Ibishushanyo biranga ibiranga hood shock
Mu buryo bwubaka, ibyuma byose bifata ibyuma (amasoko ya gaze cyangwa guhagarara) ni bimwe.Ni silinderi, uhereye kuruhande rumwe inkoni ya piston igaragara.Ku mpera ifunze ya silinderi no kumpera yinkoni, hakozwe ingingo zumupira, hifashishijwe ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ingofero n'umubiri.Mubisanzwe, impeta zubatswe hashingiwe kumipira yumupira hamwe ninama zifunze, igice cyumupira gifashwe nugufunga kumashanyarazi, kandi hifashishijwe igice cyumutwe hamwe nutubuto, pin yashizwe kumurongo.
Mubisanzwe, gufata ingofero, birahagije kugira icyuma kimwe gikurura, ariko mumamodoka menshi, romoruki nibindi bikoresho bifite ingofero iremereye, ibyuma bibiri bikurura icyarimwe bikoreshwa icyarimwe.
Gushyira ibyuma bikurura ibintu bikorerwa ahantu, iyo inkoni irambuye byuzuye, ingofero irakinguye.Muri iki kibazo, icyerekezo cya shitingi ugereranije na hood n'umubiri bikorwa bitewe n'ubwoko bwayo:
- Umuyoboro wa pneumatike (gaze) - urashobora gushyirwaho mumwanya uwariwo wose, haba inkoni hasi (kumubiri) hamwe ninkoni hejuru (kuri hood).Icyerekezo mu kirere ntabwo gihindura akazi kabo;
- Hydropneumatike (gaze-amavuta) imashini ikurura - igomba gushyirwa mumwanya wa "inkoni hasi", kubera ko muriki gihe urwego rwamavuta ruzahora ruherereye munsi yumushitsi, ibyo bigatuma rukora neza.
Guhagarika gaze ya hood nigice cyoroshye cyane, ariko, irasaba kandi kubahiriza amategeko amwe yo gukora no kuyitaho.
Ibibazo byo kubungabunga no gusana ibyuma byangiza
Kugirango wongere ubuzima bwa gaze ya gaze, ugomba gukurikiza ibyifuzo bike byoroshye:
- Ntuzane ingofero kumwanya wo hejuru ukoresheje imbaraga zintoki - ingofero igomba gufungura gusa munsi yimbaraga zatewe na shitingi;
- Mugihe cyitumba, ugomba kuzamura no gufunga ingofero neza kandi nta jerekani, ufasha mumaboko yawe, bitabaye ibyo harikibazo cyo kwangiza imashini ikonjesha;
- Imashini zitwara imashini ntizemerewe gusenywa, gukubitwa, gushyuha cyane, nibindi - ibi byuzuyemo ibikomere bikomeye, kubera ko imbere harimo gaze munsi yumuvuduko mwinshi.
Mugihe habaye isenyuka ryikurura, iyo ryihebye cyangwa amavuta yamenetse (bigira ingaruka kumikorere), igice kigomba gusimburwa munteko.Mugihe uguze imashini nshya, birakenewe kwishingikiriza kumpanuro yabakozwe, ariko biremewe rwose kuyisimbuza ibice bisa nibiranga.Ikintu nyamukuru nuko imashini ikurura itera imbaraga zihagije zo kuzamura ingofero kandi ifite uburebure buhagije.
Gusimbuza ibishishwa bya hood biza kumanura no gukomera imbuto ebyiri, mubihe bimwe na bimwe birashobora kuba ngombwa gusimbuza imirongo.Mugihe ushyiraho imashini nshya, birakenewe kubahiriza ibisabwa kugirango yerekanwe, ni ukuvuga bitewe n'ubwoko, shyira inkoni hejuru cyangwa inkoni hasi.Amakosa yo kwishyiriraho ntiyemewe, kuko ibi bizagutera gukora nabi imashini ikurura kandi byongera ibyago byo gukomeretsa mugihe ukora akazi muri moteri.
Hamwe nimikorere ikwiye ya shitingi ya hood hamwe no kuyisana neza, imikorere yimodoka, romoruki cyangwa ubundi bwoko bwibikoresho bizaba byiza kandi bifite umutekano mubihe byose.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-27-2023