Muri sisitemu yo gukonjesha ibinyabiziga hamwe na moteri yumuriro wamashanyarazi, umuyaga uhita uzimya no kuzimya iyo ubushyuhe bukonje buhindutse.Uruhare rwibanze muri sisitemu ikinishwa nabafana bafungura sensor - urashobora kwiga ibintu byose bijyanye niki gice uhereye kuriyi ngingo.
Niki sensor ya fana-fungura?
Umuyoboro uhinduranya ibyuma ni ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki cyangwa amashanyarazi hamwe nitsinda ryitumanaho (amatsinda) rifunga cyangwa rifungura amashanyarazi bitewe nubushyuhe.Rukuruzi rwinjizwa mumashanyarazi cyangwa kugenzura ibiyobora amashanyarazi ya sisitemu yo gukonjesha moteri, nikintu cyoroshye gitanga ikimenyetso cyo kuzimya cyangwa kuzimya umuyaga bitewe nubushyuhe bwa coolant (coolant) .
Izi sensor zikoreshwa gusa mumodoka zifite amashanyarazi akonjesha amashanyarazi.Moteri ya crankshaft itwarwa nabafana barazimya no kuzimya hakoreshejwe clincc viscous cyangwa nubundi buryo butarebwa hano.
Ubwoko bwabafana bahindura-sensor
Ibyuma bifata abafana byose bigabanyijemo amatsinda abiri ukurikije ihame ryimikorere:
• Amashanyarazi;
• Ibyuma bya elegitoroniki.
Na none, ibyuma bya elegitoroniki bigabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri:
• Hamwe nibintu byunvikana bishingiye kumazi akora hamwe na coefficient yo kwaguka (ibishashara);
• Hamwe nibintu byunvikana bishingiye ku isahani ya bimetallic.
Bitewe nuburyo bwo gushushanya, ibyuma bya elegitoroniki birashobora guhuzwa neza n’umuzunguruko w’amashanyarazi (nubwo akenshi sensor iba ishyizwe mumuzunguruko w’abafana), kandi ibyuma bya elegitoronike birashobora guhuzwa gusa n’umuzunguruko wo kugenzura abafana.
Nanone, ibyuma bya elegitoroniki bigabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri ukurikije umubare wamatsinda yo guhuza:
• Umuvuduko umwe - kugira itsinda rimwe ryo guhuza, rifunga urwego runaka rw'ubushyuhe;
• Umuvuduko-ibiri - gira amatsinda abiri yo guhuza afunga ubushyuhe butandukanye, bugufasha guhindura umuvuduko wabafana ukurikije ubushyuhe bukonje.
Muri iki kibazo, itsinda ryitumanaho rishobora kuba muri kimwe muri leta ebyiri: mubisanzwe bifungura kandi bisanzwe bifunze.Mugihe cyambere, umufana arafungura mugihe imibonano ifunze, mugice cya kabiri - iyo ifunguye (imiyoboro yinyongera irashobora gukoreshwa hano).
Hanyuma, sensor ziratandukana kuri / kuri ubushyuhe bwabafana.Mu bikoresho byo mu rugo, intera ya 82-87, 87-92 na 94-99 ° C iratangwa, mubikoresho byamahanga intera ubushyuhe buri hagati yimbibi zimwe, zitandukanye na dogere imwe.
Igishushanyo nihame ryimikorere ya sensororo ya elegitoronike ifite ibishashara
Ubu ni ubwoko busanzwe bwabafana.Intandaro ya sensor ni kontineri yuzuye ibishashara bya peteroli (ceresite, igizwe ahanini na paraffine) hamwe nuruvange rwifu yumuringa.Igikoresho kirimo ibishashara gifunzwe hamwe na membrane ihindagurika aho pusher iherereye, ihujwe nuburyo bwo gutwara ibinyabiziga byimuka.Imiyoboro yo guhuza irashobora kuba itaziguye (ukoresheje pusher imwe) cyangwa itaziguye, ukoresheje lever nisoko (muriki gihe, gufunga no gufungura byizerwa birashoboka).Ibice byose bifunze mubyuma bikikijwe cyane (ibi bitanga ubushyuhe bumwe bwamazi akora) hamwe numudozi hamwe numuyoboro wamashanyarazi.
Ihame ryimikorere nkiyi sensor ishingiye ku ngaruka zo guhindura ingano yamazi akora mugihe ubushyuhe bwahindutse (bukoreshwa no mumodoka ya thermostat).Igishashara, kigira uruhare mu mazi akora muri sensor, gifite coefficient nini yo kwagura ubushyuhe, iyo gishyushye, cyaguka kandi kikimurwa muri kontineri.Igishashara cyagutse gihagaze kuri membrane kandi gitera kuzamuka - ibyo na byo, byimura pusher bigahagarika imibonano - umufana arafungura.Iyo ubushyuhe bugabanutse, membrane iragabanuka hanyuma imibonano irakinguka - umufana azimya.
Ibyuma-byihuta byifashisha, kimwe, ibyibiri bibiri hamwe na bibiri byimukanwa byimukanwa, bigaterwa nubushyuhe butandukanye.
Rukuruzi rushyirwa kuri radiatori ikonjesha (binyuze mu gasi kashe), igice cyacyo gikorana na coolant, aho amazi akora ashyuha.Mubisanzwe, imodoka ikoresha sensor imwe yabafana, ariko uyumunsi urashobora kandi kubona ibisubizo hamwe na sensor ebyiri yihuta imwe yashyizwe mubushyuhe butandukanye.
Igishushanyo nihame ryimikorere ya sensor hamwe na plaque bimetallic
Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa sensor ya ubu bwoko, ariko muri rusange, igishushanyo cyacyo kiroroshye.Ishingiro rya sensor ni isahani ya bimetallike yuburyo bumwe cyangwa ubundi, aho kwimuka kwimuka biherereye.Harashobora kandi kuba ibice byingirakamaro muri sensor kugirango habeho gufunga amakuru yizewe.Isahani ishyirwa mu cyuma gifunze, gitanga urudodo hamwe nu mashanyarazi kugirango uhuze na sisitemu yo kugenzura abafana.
Ihame ryimikorere ya sensor rishingiye kubintu byo guhindura isahani ya bimetallic iyo ubushyuhe buhindutse.Isahani ya bimetallike ni amasahani abiri yibyuma bifatanye hamwe bifite coefficient zitandukanye zo kwagura ubushyuhe.Mugihe ubushyuhe buzamutse, ibyuma byaguka muburyo butandukanye, nkigisubizo, isahani ya bimetallic irunama ikanimura itumanaho ryimuka - umuzenguruko urafunga (cyangwa ufungura hamwe nubusanzwe ufunze), umufana atangira kuzunguruka.
Ihuza rya sensor irasa nimwe yasobanuwe haruguru.Sensors zubu bwoko nizisanzwe cyane kubera igiciro cyazo kinini kandi gikomeye.
Igishushanyo nihame ryimikorere ya sensor ya elegitoroniki
Mu buryo bwubaka, iyi sensor nayo iroroshye cyane: ishingiye kuri thermistor ishyizwe mugice kinini cyicyuma gifite urudodo rwo kwinjirira mumirasire hamwe nu mashanyarazi.
Ihame ryimikorere ya sensor rishingiye ku ngaruka zo guhindura amashanyarazi ya thermistor mugihe ubushyuhe bwahindutse.Ukurikije ubwoko bwa thermistor, irwanya irashobora kugabanuka cyangwa kwiyongera hamwe nubushyuhe bwiyongera.Impinduka mukurwanya thermistor ikurikiranwa numuzunguruko wa elegitoronike, iyo, iyo ubushyuhe runaka bugeze, bwohereza ibimenyetso byo kugenzura kugirango bifungure, bihindure umuvuduko wo kuzunguruka cyangwa bizimya umuyaga.
Mu buryo bwubaka, iyi sensor nayo iroroshye cyane: ishingiye kuri thermistor ishyizwe mugice kinini cyicyuma gifite urudodo rwo kwinjirira mumirasire hamwe nu mashanyarazi.
Ihame ryimikorere ya sensor rishingiye ku ngaruka zo guhindura amashanyarazi ya thermistor mugihe ubushyuhe bwahindutse.Ukurikije ubwoko bwa thermistor, irwanya irashobora kugabanuka cyangwa kwiyongera hamwe nubushyuhe bwiyongera.Impinduka mukurwanya thermistor ikurikiranwa numuzunguruko wa elegitoronike, iyo, iyo ubushyuhe runaka bugeze, bwohereza ibimenyetso byo kugenzura kugirango bifungure, bihindure umuvuduko wo kuzunguruka cyangwa bizimya umuyaga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-24-2023