Muri moteri iyo ari yo yose igezweho harimo ibice byashizwemo, bitwarwa n'umukandara.Kubikorwa bisanzwe bya disiki, ikindi gice cyinjijwemo - icyuma gikandagira.Soma ibyerekeye iki gice, igishushanyo cyacyo, ubwoko n'imikorere, kimwe no guhitamo neza no gusimburwa mu ngingo.
Umuhengeri wo gutwara umukanda ni iki?
Gutwara umukandara (tensioner roller cyangwa gutwara umukandara) - igice cya sisitemu yo gutwara ibice byashizwemo na moteri yaka imbere;uruziga rufite isoko cyangwa ubundi buryo butanga urwego rukenewe rwo guhagarika umukandara.
Ubwiza bwimodoka yibikoresho byashizwe - generator, pompe yamazi, pompe yingufu (niba zihari), compressor ya konderasi - ahanini biterwa nimikorere yumuriro nubushobozi bwo gukoresha ikinyabiziga cyose.Ikintu gikenewe kugirango imikorere isanzwe ya disiki yimitwe igizwe nuburinganire bukwiye bwumukandara ukoreshwa muri disiki - hamwe nuburemere buke, umukandara uzanyerera unyuze hejuru, bizatera kwiyongera kw ibice no kugabanuka kwa imikorere y'ibice;Impagarara zikabije nazo zongera igipimo cyo kwambara ibice byimodoka kandi bigatera imizigo itemewe.Muri moteri zigezweho, urwego rusabwa rwo guhagarika umukandara wa disikuru rutangwa nigice cyabafasha - uruzitiro cyangwa impagarara gusa.
Imashini yumukandara wa disikuru ningirakamaro kumikorere isanzwe yumuriro wamashanyarazi, iki gice rero kigomba guhinduka mugihe habaye imikorere mibi.Ariko mbere yo kugura uruziga rushya, ugomba kumva ubwoko bwarwo, igishushanyo nihame ryimikorere.
Ubwoko nigishushanyo cyimodoka yo gukandagira
Ikinyabiziga cyose cyo gukandagira kigizwe nibice bibiri: igikoresho cyogukora gikora imbaraga zikenewe, hamwe na roller yohereza izo mbaraga kumukandara.Hariho kandi ibikoresho bikoresha tensioner-damper - ntibitanga gusa umukandara ukenewe, ariko kandi bigabanya ubukana bwo kwambara umukandara hamwe na pulleys yibice muburyo bwigihe gito bwimikorere yumuriro.
Umuyoboro urashobora kugira umuzingo umwe cyangwa ibiri, ibi bice bikozwe muburyo bwicyuma cyangwa uruziga rwa plastike rufite ubuso bukora neza umukandara uzunguruka.Uruziga rushyizwe ku gikoresho cyogosha cyangwa ku kantu kihariye binyuze mu kuzunguruka (umupira cyangwa uruziga, ubusanzwe umurongo umwe, ariko hariho ibikoresho bifite imirongo ibiri).Nibisanzwe, ubuso bukora bwa roller buroroshye, ariko hariho amahitamo hamwe na cola cyangwa udasanzwe twinshi tubuza umukandara kunyerera mugihe moteri ikora.
Ibizunguruka byashyizwe muburyo butaziguye ku bikoresho bikurura cyangwa ku bice byo hagati mu buryo bw'imyandikire y'ibishushanyo bitandukanye.Ibikoresho byo guhagarika umutima birashobora kugabanywamo amatsinda abiri ukurikije uburyo bwo guhindura imbaraga zo guhagarika umukandara:
● Hamwe noguhindura intoki urwego rwimpagarara;
● Hamwe noguhindura byikora kurwego rwo guhagarika umutima.
Itsinda rya mbere ririmo uburyo bworoshye muburyo bwo gushushanya, bukoresha ibikoresho bya eccentric na slide.Umuvuduko wa eccentric ukorwa muburyo bwa roller hamwe na offset axis, iyo izengurutswe aho uruziga ruzanwa hafi cyangwa kure yumukandara, rutanga impinduka mumbaraga zintambara.Igice cya slide gikozwe muburyo bwa roller yashizwe kumurongo wimukanwa ushobora kugendana na groove yubuyobozi (bracket).Kugenda kwa roller kumurongo hamwe no gukosora mumwanya watoranijwe bikorwa na screw, ubuyobozi ubwabwo bushyirwaho perpendicular kumukandara, kubwibyo, iyo uruziga rugenda rujyana, imbaraga zimpagarara zirahinduka.
Ibikoresho bifite intoki zo guhinduranya umukandara kuri moteri ya kijyambere ntibikoreshwa cyane, kubera ko bifite inenge ikomeye - gukenera guhindura interineti mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho bwa mbere iki gice kandi nkuko umukandara urambuye.Izi mpagarara ntizishobora gutanga urwego rukenewe rwo guhagarika umukandara mugihe cyubuzima bwa serivisi yose, kandi guhinduranya intoki ntabwo buri gihe bikiza ibintu - ibi byose biganisha ku kwambara cyane kwimodoka.
Kubwibyo, moteri igezweho ikoresha ibikoresho byoguhindura hamwe no guhinduranya byikora.Bene izo mpagarara zigabanijwe mu matsinda atatu ukurikije igishushanyo n’ihame ryimikorere:
● Ukurikije amasoko ya torsion;
● Ukurikije amasoko yo kwikuramo;
● Hamwe na dampers.
Ibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane bishingiye kumasoko ya torsion - biroroshye kandi bikora neza imirimo yabyo.Ishingiro ryigikoresho ni diametero nini yatondekanye ishyirwa mu gikombe cya silindrike.Isoko hamwe nigiceri kimwe gikabije gishyizwe mubirahure, kandi igiceri kinyuranyo gihagaze kumurongo hamwe na roller, ikirahuri hamwe nigitereko gishobora kuzunguruka kumurongo runaka ugarukira aho uhagarara.Mu gukora igikoresho, ikirahuri hamwe na bracket bizunguruka ku nguni runaka kandi bigashyirwa muri uyu mwanya nigikoresho cyumutekano (cheque).Iyo ushyizeho moteri kuri moteri, cheque ikurwaho hanyuma bracket ikayoborwa munsi yimpeshyi - nkigisubizo, uruziga ruhagarara kumukandara, rutanga urwego rukenewe rwo kwivanga.Mugihe kizaza, isoko izakomeza guhagarika umutima, guhindura bitari ngombwa.
Ibikoresho bishingiye ku guhonyora amasoko bikoreshwa cyane, kuko bifata umwanya munini kandi ntibikora neza.Ishimikiro ryigikoresho gikurura ni agace kagira uruziga, rufite isano ya swivel hamwe nisoko ya silindrike ihindagurika.Impera ya kabiri yisoko yashyizwe kuri moteri - ibi byemeza ko umukandara ukenewe.Nkuko byari bimeze mbere, imbaraga zo guhagarika amasoko zashyizwe ku ruganda, nyuma rero yo gushyira igikoresho kuri moteri, cheque cyangwa fuse yuburyo butandukanye ikurwaho.
Iterambere rya tensioners hamwe na compression isoko yari igikoresho gifite dampers.Tenseer ifite igishushanyo gisa nicyo cyasobanuwe haruguru, ariko isoko isimburwa na damper, igashyirwa kumurongo hamwe na roller na moteri hifashishijwe ijisho.Damper igizwe na hydraulic yamashanyarazi ikurura hamwe nisoko ikonje, kandi imashini ishobora guhungabana haba imbere yisoko kandi igakora nkinkunga ya coil ya nyuma yisoko.Damper yiki gishushanyo itanga umukandara ukenewe, mugihe woroshye kunyeganyega umukandara mugihe utangiye moteri no muburyo bwigihe gito.Kubaho kwa damper byongerera inshuro nyinshi ubuzima bwimodoka yimodoka yashizwemo kandi ikemeza imikorere yayo neza.
Mu gusoza, twakagombye kumenya ko igishushanyo cyasobanuwe gifite impagarara zombi hamwe na bibiri.Muri iki kibazo, ibikoresho bifite ibizingo bibiri birashobora kugira igikoresho kimwe gisanzwe, cyangwa ibikoresho bitandukanye kuri buri muzingo.Hariho ibindi bisubizo byubaka, ariko bakiriye bike, ntabwo rero tuzabisuzuma hano.
Ibibazo byo guhitamo, gusimbuza no guhinduranya umukandara wimodoka
Umuvuduko ukabije wumukandara, nkumukandara ubwawo, ufite amikoro make, iterambere rigomba gusimburwa.Ubwoko butandukanye bwa tensioner bufite ibikoresho bitandukanye - bimwe muribi (byoroshye eccentricique) bigomba guhinduka buri gihe kandi hamwe no gusimbuza umukandara, kandi ibikoresho bishingiye kumasoko hamwe na dampers birashobora gukora hafi mugihe cyose cyimikorere yumuriro.Igihe nuburyo bwo gusimbuza ibikoresho bitera imbaraga byerekanwa nuwakoze uruganda runaka rwamashanyarazi - ibi byifuzo bigomba kubahirizwa byimazeyo, bitabaye ibyo ingaruka mbi zitandukanye kubice byamashanyarazi birashoboka, harimo no kuvanga (kubera ubushyuhe bukabije kubera guhagarika pompe ).
Gusa ubwo bwoko nicyitegererezo cya tensioner zisabwa nuwakoze uruganda rukora amashanyarazi agomba gufatwa kugirango asimburwe, cyane cyane kumodoka zifite garanti.Ibikoresho "bitari kavukire" ntibishobora guhura nibiranga "kavukire", bityo kwishyiriraho kwabo biganisha ku mpinduka zingufu zumukandara wumukandara no kwangirika mubikorwa byimikorere ya disiki yimitwe yashizwe.Kubwibyo, umusimbura nkuyu agomba kwitabaza gusa mubihe bikabije.
Mugihe uguze igikoresho gikurura, ugomba kugura ibice byose bikenewe kugirango ubigereho (niba bitarimo) - ibifunga, imirongo, amasoko, nibindi. Rimwe na rimwe, ntushobora gufata ibyuma byose, ariko gusana ibikoresho - gusa umuzingo ushyizwemo imiyoboro, utwugarizo, dampers ziteranijwe n'amasoko, nibindi.
Gusimbuza umukandara wumukandara bigomba gukorwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza yo gusana no gufata neza imodoka.Aka kazi karashobora gukorwa haba hamwe n'umukandara washyizweho hamwe n'umukandara ukuweho - byose biterwa nigishushanyo cya disiki hamwe n’aho igikoresho gikurura.Bititaye kuri ibi, kwishyiriraho impagarike yimvura ikorwa muburyo bumwe: igikoresho n'umukandara byabanje gushyirwaho mumwanya wabyo, hanyuma cheque ikurwaho - ibi biganisha kurekura isoko hamwe nuburemere bwa umukandara.Niba kubwimpamvu iyo ari yo yose kwishyiriraho bene tensioner bikorwa nabi, noneho bizagorana kongera kuyishiraho.
Niba igikoresho cyo guterura cyatoranijwe neza kandi kigashyirwa kuri moteri, disiki yibice izakora bisanzwe, ikemeza imikorere yizewe yingufu zose.
Igihe cyoherejwe: Nyakanga-13-2023