Kugirango igenzurwe neza kandi ridacogora kumodoka zigezweho, ikoreshwa rya hydraulic clutch ikoreshwa, imwe muruhare runini ikinwamo na silinderi nkuru.Soma ibijyanye na clutch master silinderi, ubwoko bwayo, igishushanyo nigikorwa, guhitamo neza no gusimburwa muriyi ngingo.
Ni ubuhe buryo bukomeye bwa silinderi?
Clutch master silinderi (GVC) - igikoresho cya hydraulic disike yo gufungura no kuzimya clutch yoherejwe nintoki (transmissions);Amashanyarazi ya hydraulic ihindura imbaraga kuva kumaguru yumushoferi mukumuvuduko wamazi akora mumuzunguruko.
GVC nimwe mubice byingenzi bigize hydraulic clutch actuator.Amashanyarazi ya silinderi na bucakara, ahujwe numuyoboro wicyuma, akora uruziga rufunze rwa moteri ya hydraulic, ubifashijwemo na clutch irazimya kandi irasezerana.GVC yashyizwe inyuma yinyuma ya pedal hanyuma ikayihuza ninkoni (pusher), silinderi yumucakara ishyirwa kumazu (inzogera) hanyuma igahuzwa ninkoni (pusher) kumurongo wo kurekura.
Silinderi nkuru igira uruhare runini mumikorere yo kohereza, iyo ivunitse, gutwara ibinyabiziga bigorana cyangwa ntibishoboka rwose.Ariko kugirango ugure silinderi nshya, birakenewe gusobanukirwa igishushanyo nibiranga ubu buryo.
Ubwoko bwa clutch master silinderi
GCP zose zifite igishushanyo mbonera kimwe nihame ryimikorere, ariko zigabanijwemo ubwoko butandukanye ukurikije aho igishushanyo mbonera cyacyo gifite amazi akora, umubare wa piston hamwe nuburyo rusange bwumubiri.
Ukurikije aho igishushanyo mbonera giteye, silinderi ni:
● Hamwe n'ikigega cyahujwe cyo gukora amazi hamwe na tank ya kure;
● Hamwe na tank ya kure;
● Hamwe na tank iri kumubiri wa silinderi.
| Clutch master silinderi hamwe nibigega byahujwe | Clutch master silinderi hamwe n'ikigega cya kure | Clutch master silinderi hamwe nikigega cyashyizwe kumubiri |
Ubwoko bwa mbere bwa GCS nigishushanyo cyataye igihe gikoreshwa gake muri iki gihe.Ubwo buryo bwashyizweho mu buryo buhagaritse cyangwa ku nguni runaka, mu gice cyacyo cyo hejuru hari ikigega gifite amazi akora, itangwa ryacyo ryuzuzwa kuva mu kigega cya kure.Amashanyarazi yubwoko bwa kabiri nubwa gatatu yamaze kuba ibikoresho bigezweho, murimwe murimwe ikigega kiri kure kandi gihujwe na silinderi hifashishijwe shitingi, naho ubundi ikigega gishyirwa kumubiri wa silinderi.
Ukurikije umubare wa piston ya GCS, hari:
● Hamwe na piston imwe;
● Hamwe na piston ebyiri.
| Imashini imwe ya piston | Clutch master silinderi hamwe na piston ebyiri |
Mugihe cyambere, gusunika bihujwe na piston imwe, bityo imbaraga ziva kuri pedal clutch zihererekanwa mumazi akora.Mugihe cya kabiri, gusunika bihujwe na piston yo hagati, ikora kuri piston nkuru hanyuma ikora kumazi akora.
Hanyuma, GCAs irashobora kugira ibintu bitandukanye byashushanyije, kurugero - kumodoka zimwe, iki gikoresho gikozwe murwego rumwe hamwe na silinderi ya feri ya feri, silinderi irashobora kandi kuba ihagaritse, itambitse cyangwa kuruhande runaka, nibindi.
Igishushanyo nihame ryimikorere ya clutch master silinders
Igishushanyo gisanzwe cya hydraulic clutch irekura
Byoroshye cyane ni gahunda ya GCS hamwe na tank yakuweho igashyirwa kumubiri.Ishimikiro ryigikoresho ni ikariso ya silindrike, hejuru yijisho ryo gushiraho Bolt nibindi bice bikozwe.Ku mpera imwe, umubiri ufunzwe hamwe nu mugozi wacometse cyangwa icyuma gikwiranye nu muyoboro.Niba umubiri ufunze hamwe nugucomeka buhumyi, noneho igikwiye giherereye kuruhande rwa silinderi.
Mugice cyo hagati cya silinderi, haribikwiye guhuza tank ikoresheje hose cyangwa intebe yo gushyira tankeri kumubiri.Munsi ikwiranye cyangwa mucyicaro mumazu ya silinderi, hakozwe imyobo ibiri: indishyi (inlet) umwobo wa diameter ntoya nu mwobo wuzuye wa diameter wiyongereye.Ibyobo bitunganijwe kuburyo iyo pedal ya clutch irekuwe, umwobo windishyi uba imbere ya piston (uhereye kuruhande rwumuzunguruko), naho umwobo wa bypass ukaba uri inyuma ya piston.
Piston yashyizwe mumyanya yumubiri, kuruhande rumwe hari pusher ihujwe na pedal ped.Impera yumubiri kuruhande rusunika itwikiriwe nigitambara gikingira reberi.Iyo clutch pedal yihebye, piston isubizwa kumwanya ukabije nisoko yo kugaruka iri imbere muri silinderi.Gists-piston ebyiri GCA ikoresha piston ebyiri ziri inyuma yizindi, hagati ya piston hariho O-impeta (cuff).Gukoresha piston ebyiri bitezimbere ubukana bwumuzunguruko wa clutch kandi byongera ubwizerwe bwa sisitemu yose.
Inkoni.Ngiyo ishingiro ryinkoni ihuza ihuza imitwe kandi ikemeza kohereza imbaraga kuva mumutwe wa piston kugera kumutwe.Uburebure bw'inkoni bugena uburebure bwa piston na stroke, kimwe n'uburebure bwa moteri.Kugirango ugere kubisabwa bikenewe, imyirondoro itandukanye ifatanye ninkoni:
● I-beam hamwe na gahunda yo gutondekanya perpendicular cyangwa ibangikanye n'amashoka y'imitwe;
● Umusaraba.
Kenshi na kenshi, inkoni ihabwa umwirondoro wa I-beam hamwe na gahunda ndende ya tekinike (iburyo n'ibumoso, iyo urebye inkoni ihuza imihoro y'imitwe), ibisigaye bisigaye bikoreshwa gake.
Umuyoboro wacukuwe imbere yinkoni kugirango utange amavuta kuva mumutwe wo hasi kugeza kumutwe wo hejuru, mubice bimwe bihuza inkoni zihuza impande zakozwe kuva kumuyoboro wo hagati kugirango utere amavuta kurukuta rwa silinderi nibindi bice.Ku nkoni ya I-beam, aho kuba umuyoboro wacukuwe, umuyoboro wamavuta wicyuma uhujwe ninkoni hamwe nuduce twicyuma.
Mubisanzwe, inkoni irangwa kandi ikanashyirwaho kugirango ushireho neza igice.
Umutwe wa piston.Umwobo wacuzwe mu mutwe, ushyizwemo umuringa wa bronze, bigira uruhare runini.Piston pin yashizwe mumaboko hamwe nu mwanya muto.Kugirango usige amavuta yubuso bwa pin hamwe nintoki, hakozwe umwobo kugirango harebwe ko amavuta ava mumuyoboro imbere yinkoni ihuza inkoni.
Umutwe.Uyu mutwe uratandukanye, igice cyacyo cyo hasi gikozwe muburyo bwigifuniko kivanwaho gishyizwe kumutwe.Umuhuza arashobora:
● Igororotse - indege y'umuhuza iri ku mfuruka iburyo ku nkoni;
● Oblique - indege yumuhuza ikozwe muburyo runaka.
| Guhuza inkoni hamwe nigifuniko gifatika | Guhuza inkoni hamwe na oblique igifuniko gihuza |
Amashanyarazi nkaya akora kuburyo bukurikira.Iyo pedal ya clutch irekuwe, piston iba iri mumwanya ukabije bitewe nimpeshyi yagarutse kandi umuvuduko wikirere ukomezwa mumuzunguruko wa clutch (kuva cavit ikora ya silinderi ihujwe nikigega binyuze mumwobo windishyi).Iyo pedal ya clutch ikanda, piston igenda munsi yingufu zamaguru kandi ikunda kwikuramo amazi mumuzunguruko.Iyo piston yimutse, umwobo windishyi urafunga kandi umuvuduko wumuzunguruko uriyongera.Muri icyo gihe, amazi atembera mu cyambu cyambukiranya inyuma ya piston.Bitewe no kwiyongera k'umuvuduko mukuzunguruka, piston ya silinderi ikora iragenda kandi ikimura icyuma cyo kurekura, gisunika ibyuma bisohora - clutch irahagarikwa, urashobora guhindura ibikoresho.
Mugihe cyo kurekura pedal, piston muri GVC isubira mumwanya wambere, umuvuduko wumuzunguruko uragabanuka kandi clutch irasezerana.Iyo piston isubijwe, amazi yumurimo yakusanyirijwe inyuma yayo asohoka hanze yicyambu cyambukiranya imipaka, bigatuma habaho umuvuduko mukigenda cya piston - ibi bituma habaho guhuza neza kwifata no kugaruka kwa sisitemu yose uko yakabaye leta.
Niba hari amazi ava mumuzunguruko (byanze bikunze bitewe no kudahuza kwingingo zidahagije, kwangirika kashe, nibindi), noneho amazi asabwa ava mumatara anyuze mumwobo windishyi.Nanone, uyu mwobo uremeza ko ubwinshi bwamazi akora muri sisitemu iyo ubushyuhe bwayo buhindutse.
Igishushanyo nigikorwa cya silinderi hamwe nibigega byahujwe kumazi akora biratandukanye cyane nibyo byasobanuwe haruguru.Ishimikiro ryiyi GVC numubiri ushyizwe hejuru uhagaritse cyangwa kuruhande.Mu gice cyo hejuru cyumubiri hari ikigega cyamazi akora, munsi yikigega hari silinderi ifite piston yuzuye amasoko, hamwe na pusher ihujwe na pedal clutch inyura muri tank.Ku rukuta rw'ikigega hashobora kuba icyuma cyo kuzuza amazi akora cyangwa gikwiye guhuza ikigega cya kure.
Piston mugice cyo hejuru ifite ikiruhuko, hacukurwa umwobo wa diameter nto kuri piston.Gusunika byashyizwe hejuru yumwobo, muburyo bwasubiye inyuma hari icyuho hagati yabo banyuzamo amazi akora yinjira muri silinderi.
Bene GVC ikora byoroshye.Iyo pedal pedal irekuwe, umuvuduko wikirere ugaragara mumuzunguruko wa hydraulic, clutch irasezerana.Mugihe cyo gukanda pedal, gusunika kumanuka, gufunga umwobo muri piston, gufunga sisitemu, no gusunika piston hasi - umuvuduko wumuzunguruko urazamuka, kandi silinderi ikora ikora feri yo kurekura.Iyo pedal irekuwe, inzira zasobanuwe zikorwa muburyo butandukanye.Kumeneka kw'amazi akora no guhinduka mubunini bwayo kubera ubushyuhe bishyurwa binyuze mu mwobo uri muri piston.
Guhitamo neza, gusana no gusimbuza GVCs
Mugihe cyimikorere yikinyabiziga, GCC ikorerwa imitwaro myinshi, bigatuma kwambara buhoro buhoro ibice byayo, cyane cyane pisitori ya piston (piston) hamwe na kashe ya reberi.Kwambara ibi bice bigaragazwa no gutemba kwamazi akora no kwangirika kwa clutch (kwibiza pedal, gukenera gukanda pedal inshuro nyinshi, nibindi).Ikibazo gikemurwa no gusimbuza ibice byashaje - kubwibyo ugomba kugura ibikoresho byo gusana no gukora imirimo yoroshye.Gusenya, gusenya, gusimbuza ibice no gushyiraho silinderi bigomba gukorwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza yo gusana no gufata neza imodoka.
Rimwe na rimwe, hari imikorere mibi yica ya silindiri ya clutch - ibice, kuvunika amazu, kumenagura ibikoresho, nibindi. Kugirango usimburwe, ugomba guhitamo silinderi yubwoko bumwe na numero ya catalogi yashyizwe kumodoka mbere , bitabaye ibyo silinderi ntizishobora gushyirwaho na gato, cyangwa clutch ntizikora neza.
Nyuma yo gushiraho GVC nshya, birakenewe ko uhindura clutch ukurikije ibyifuzo byamabwiriza.Mubisanzwe, ihinduka rikorwa muguhindura uburebure bwinkoni (ukoresheje ibinyomoro bikwiye) bya pedal hamwe nu mwanya wa piston ya piston, ihinduka rigomba gushyirwaho nubusa bwubusa bwa pedal clutch byasabwe nuwakoze imodoka (25 -45 mm kumodoka zitandukanye).Mu bihe biri imbere, birakenewe ko wuzuza urwego rwamazi muri tank no kugenzura isura yimyanda muri sisitemu.Hamwe noguhindura neza no kubungabunga bisanzwe, GVCs hamwe na disiki yose ya clutch izatanga igenzura ryizewe mubihe byose.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-05-2023