Imodoka nyinshi zigezweho zikoresha ihagarikwa ryikirere hamwe nibipimo bishobora guhinduka.Intandaro yo guhagarikwa ni isoko yumwuka - soma ibyerekeranye nibintu byose, ubwoko bwabyo, ibishushanyo mbonera n'imikorere, kimwe no guhitamo neza no gusimbuza ibi bice, mu ngingo.
Isoko yo mu kirere ni iki?
Isoko yo mu kirere (isoko yo mu kirere, umusego wo mu kirere, isoko y'ikirere) - ikintu cyoroshye cyo guhagarika ikirere cy'ibinyabiziga;silindiri ya pneumatike ifite ubushobozi bwo guhindura amajwi no gukomera, iri hagati yumuzingi wikiziga hamwe nikadiri / umubiri wimodoka.
Guhagarika ibinyabiziga bifite ibiziga byubatswe kubintu byubwoko butatu - byoroshye, kuyobora no kumanika.Mu bwoko butandukanye bwo guhagarikwa, amasoko n'amasoko birashobora gukora nkibintu byoroshye, ubwoko butandukanye bwimyitozo irashobora gukora nkuyobora (no mugihe cyo guhagarika amasoko - amasoko amwe), ibyuma bikurura ibintu bishobora gukora nkibintu bitesha agaciro.Mu kirere cya kijyambere gihagarika amakamyo n'imodoka, ibi bice nabyo birahari, ariko uruhare rwibintu byoroshye muri byo bikorwa na silinderi idasanzwe yo mu kirere - amasoko yo mu kirere.
Isoko yo mu kirere ifite imirimo myinshi:
Kohereza ibihe uhereye kumuhanda ugana kumurongo / umubiri wimodoka;
Guhindura ubukana bwihagarikwa ukurikije umutwaro nuburyo umuhanda umeze;
Gukwirakwiza no kuringaniza imizigo ku ruziga rw'ibiziga hamwe n'inziga imwe ku modoka ifite imizigo idahwanye;
● Kugenzura niba ikinyabiziga gihagaze neza mugihe utwaye ahantu hahanamye, kutubahiriza umuhanda no guhindukira;
Kunoza ubwiza bwikinyabiziga mugihe utwaye mumihanda ifite ubuso butandukanye.
Nukuvuga ko isoko yikirere igira uruhare runini muri sisitemu yo guhagarika ibiziga nkibisanzwe cyangwa amasoko asanzwe, ariko mugihe kimwe bigufasha guhindura ubukana bwihagarikwa no guhindura ibiranga ukurikije uko umuhanda umeze, imizigo, nibindi. mbere yo kugura ikirere gishya, ugomba gusobanukirwa ubwoko buriho bwibi bice, igishushanyo cyacyo nihame ryimikorere.
Ubwoko, igishushanyo nihame ryimikorere yamasoko
Ubwoko butatu bwamasoko yo mu kirere burimo gukoreshwa:
Yl Cylinder;
Diaphragm;
Type Ubwoko buvanze (bwahujwe).
Amasoko yo mu kirere yubwoko butandukanye afite imiterere yihariye kandi atandukanye mumahame yimikorere.
Ubwoko nigishushanyo cyamasoko yo mu kirere
Amasoko yo mu kirere
Nibikoresho byoroshye mubishushanyo, bikoreshwa cyane mumodoka zitandukanye.Mu buryo bwubaka, isoko yisoko yo mu kirere igizwe na silinderi ya reberi (igikonoshwa cyinshi cya rubber-umugozi, gisa nigishushanyo mbonera cya reberi, amapine, nibindi), gishyizwe hagati yicyuma cyo hejuru no hepfo.Mu nkunga imwe (mubisanzwe hejuru) hariho imiyoboro yo gutanga no kuva amaraso.
Ukurikije igishushanyo cya silinderi, ibyo bikoresho bigabanijwe muburyo butandukanye:
Barrel;
● Inzogera;
Rugorora.
Mu kirere kimeze nka barriel, silinderi ikorwa muburyo bwa silinderi ifite urukuta rugororotse cyangwa ruzengurutse (muburyo bwa kimwe cya kabiri cya torus), ubu ni bwo buryo bworoshye.Mubikoresho bya bellows, silinderi igabanyijemo ibice bibiri, bitatu cyangwa byinshi, hagati yimpeta yumukandara.Mu masoko yamenetse, silinderi ifite ruswa mu burebure bwose cyangwa kuruhande rwayo, irashobora kandi kugira impeta zo gukenyera hamwe nibintu bifasha.
Amasoko yo mu kirere ya ballon (inzogera)
Umwuka wo mu bwoko bwa silinderi ukora gusa: iyo umwuka wugarijwe utanzwe, umuvuduko uri muri silinderi urazamuka, kandi urambuye gato muburebure, ibyo bigatuma ikinyabiziga kizamuka cyangwa, ku mutwaro mwinshi, ugakomeza urwego rwikadiri / umubiri kurwego runaka.Mugihe kimwe, gukomera kwihagarikwa nabyo biriyongera.Iyo umwuka uhumeka uva muri silinderi, umuvuduko uragabanuka, bitewe numutwaro, silinderi irahagarikwa - ibi biganisha ku kugabanuka kurwego rwikadiri / umubiri no kugabanuka gukomera kwihagarikwa.
Akenshi, amasoko yo mu bwoko bwubwoko bwitwa amasoko yo mu kirere.Ibi bice birashobora gukoreshwa haba muburyo bwibice byigenga bya elastike byigenga, kandi nkigice cyibindi byongeweho - amasoko (amasoko manini ya diametre yatondekanye aherereye hanze ya silinderi), imashini itwara hydraulic (imashini nkiyi ikoreshwa mumodoka, SUVs nibindi) ugereranije ibikoresho byoroheje), nibindi
Diaphragm isoko y'amazi
Uyu munsi, hari ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi bwubu bwoko bwimpeshyi:
Diaphragm;
Type Ubwoko bwa Diaphragm
Umwuka wo mu kirere wa diafragm ugizwe n'umubiri wo hasi-shingiro hamwe n'inkunga yo hejuru, hagati yacyo hari diaphragm ya rubber-umugozi.Ibipimo by'ibice byatoranijwe ku buryo igice cy'inkunga yo hejuru hamwe na diafragma gishobora kwinjira imbere mu mubiri fatizo, aho imirimo y'ubu bwoko bw'amasoko ishingiye.Iyo umwuka ucanye uhabwa amazu, inkunga yo hejuru irasohoka kandi ikazamura ikadiri / umubiri wose wikinyabiziga.Muri icyo gihe, ubukana bwihagarikwa bwiyongera, kandi iyo utwaye hejuru yumuhanda utaringaniye, inkunga yo hejuru iranyeganyega mu ndege ihagaritse, igabanya igice cyo guhungabana no kunyeganyega.
Amasoko yo mu kirere ya ballon (inzogera)
Ikirere cyo mu bwoko bwa diafragm yo mu kirere gifite igishushanyo gisa nacyo, ariko muri cyo diaphragm isimburwa na reberi ya reberi yuburebure bwa diameter na diameter, imbere umubiri wibanze.Igishushanyo kirashobora guhindura cyane uburebure bwacyo, bigufasha guhindura uburebure nubukomezi bwo guhagarikwa hejuru.Amasoko yo mu kirere yiki gishushanyo akoreshwa cyane muguhagarika amakamyo, mubisanzwe bikoreshwa nkibice byigenga nta bindi bintu byiyongereye.
Amasoko yo mu kirere hamwe
Muri ibyo bice, ibice bya diaphragm na ballon yo mu kirere byahujwe.Mubisanzwe, silinderi iherereye mugice cyo hepfo, diaphragm iri mugice cyo hejuru, iki gisubizo gitanga damping nziza kandi kigufasha guhindura ibiranga ihagarikwa murwego runini.Amasoko yo mu kirere y'ubu bwoko arakoreshwa cyane ku modoka, akenshi ushobora kuboneka kuri gari ya moshi no mu mashini zitandukanye.
diaphragm ikirere
Ahantu amasoko yumuyaga muguhagarika ikinyabiziga
Guhagarika ikirere byubatswe hashingiwe ku masoko yo mu kirere aherereye kuri buri murongo ku mpande z’ibiziga - ahantu hamwe hashyizweho amasoko maremare maremare hamwe n’imigozi.Muri icyo gihe, bitewe n'ubwoko bw'imodoka n'imizigo ikora, umubare utandukanye w'amasoko yo mu kirere y'ubwoko bumwe cyangwa ubundi arashobora kuboneka kumurongo umwe.
Mu modoka zitwara abagenzi, amasoko atandukanye yo mu kirere akoreshwa gake - akenshi usanga ari imirongo ikurura imashini ya hydraulic ihinduranya hamwe nibisanzwe, inzogera cyangwa amasoko yo mu kirere.Ku murongo umwe hari ibice bibiri nkibi, bisimbuza ibice bisanzwe nibisoko.
Mu gikamyo, ubwoko bumwe bwo mu kirere bwa hose hamwe nubwoko bukoreshwa cyane.Igihe kimwe, amasoko abiri cyangwa ane yo mu kirere arashobora gushyirwaho kumurongo umwe.Mugihe cyanyuma, amasoko yintoki akoreshwa nkibintu nyamukuru bya elastique, bitanga impinduka muburebure no gukomera kwihagarikwa, naho amasoko yinzogera akoreshwa nkayabafasha, akora nka dampers kandi akora kugirango ahindure ubukana bwihagarikwa imbere imipaka runaka.
Amasoko yo mu kirere ni igice cyo guhagarika ikirere muri rusange.Umwuka ucanye utangwa muri ibi bice unyuze mu miyoboro iva mu byuma byakira (silinderi yo mu kirere) binyuze mu mibande no mu mibande, amasoko yo mu kirere hamwe no guhagarikwa byose bigenzurwa kuva muri cab / imbere mu modoka ukoresheje buto zidasanzwe.
Uburyo bwo guhitamo, gusimbuza no kubungabunga amasoko yo mu kirere
Amasoko yo mu kirere yubwoko bwose mugihe cyimikorere yikinyabiziga akorerwa imitwaro ihambaye, ibyo bigatuma bambara cyane kandi bigahinduka gusenyuka.Kenshi na kenshi tugomba guhangana n’ibyangiritse ku gishishwa cya rubber, nkigisubizo cya silinderi itakaza ubukana bwayo.Kumeneka kw'amasoko yo mu kirere bigaragazwa no kuzunguruka kw'ikinyabiziga iyo gihagaritswe na moteri yazimye no kudashobora guhindura byimazeyo ubukana bw'ihagarikwa.Igice gifite inenge kigomba kugenzurwa no gusimburwa.
Isoko yubwoko bumwe yashizwemo mbere ikoreshwa mugusimbuza - ibice bishya nibishaje bigomba kugira ibipimo bimwe byo kwishyiriraho nibikorwa biranga.Mu modoka nyinshi, ugomba kugura amasoko abiri icyarimwe icyarimwe, kuko birasabwa guhindura ibice byombi kumurongo umwe, nubwo icya kabiri ari serivisi nziza.Gusimbuza bikorwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza agenga ikinyabiziga, mubisanzwe iki gikorwa ntigisaba uruhare runini muguhagarika kandi gishobora gukorwa vuba.Mugihe gikurikira cyimodoka, amasoko yumwuka agomba kugenzurwa buri gihe, gukaraba no kugenzurwa kugirango akomere.Mugihe ukora ibikenewe bikenewe, amasoko yo mu kirere azakora neza, yizere neza imikorere myiza yo guhagarikwa kwose.
Igihe cyoherejwe: Nyakanga-13-2023